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SOR 2017 > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Principle Beliefs (articles of faith) Islam

A
  1. One true God
  2. Angels
  3. Books of Allah
  4. Prophets
  5. Afterlife
  6. Fate
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2
Q
  1. One true God
A

The oneness of God - Tawhid

“There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger”

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3
Q
  1. Angels
A

Mala’ika. Angels exist as messengers of God (Jibriel main angel). They communicated God’s word to the prophet which is expressed in the Quaran. They are made of light and have no free will but exist freely to God’s command.

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4
Q
  1. Books of Allah
A

Kutubullah. Quaran, Hadith, Torah, Psalms and Gospels (Injil)
- revelations about the nature of God

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5
Q

Allah’s attributions

A

All knowing, sustainer, protection, compassionate and loving

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6
Q
  1. Prophets
A

Rusal = prophet. Adam is the first, muhammad is the last and the greatest. Messangers of God, preach the truth. Thousands of prophets

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7
Q
  1. Afterlife
A

Akhira = Afterlife. There will be a judgement day where people will enter either paradise or hell. Central to all monotheistic beliefs

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8
Q
  1. Fate/Predestination
A

Qadar. All is as “God wills it” to be. Everything is in accordance to Gods plan.

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9
Q

Monotheism

A

The doctrine that only on God exists

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10
Q

Atheism

A

The disbelief in angels and Gods

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11
Q

Transcendence

A

God is predominately beyond and/or above the world. Links to Monotheism

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12
Q

Immanence

A

The spirit prevading the world, particularly in the immediate real of peoples lives and experiences

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13
Q

Pantheism

A

Identitfies God with the universe. Suggests that the divine is in created order

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14
Q

Animism

A

The belief that spirits inhabit all objects and have influence on people and natural events

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15
Q

Diety

A

A supernatural being considered divine or sacred, a god or godess

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16
Q

Monotheistic transcendant religions

A

Judaism, Christianity and Islam

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17
Q

Immanence religions

A

Buddhism and Hinduism

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18
Q

Pentecostalism

A

Movement within Christianity that places emphasis on the possibility of direct contact with the holy spirit.

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19
Q

4 Characteristics of religion

A

Beliefs and believers
Sacred texts and writtings
Ethics
Rituals and ceremonies

20
Q

Shari’a

A

Legal code of islam based on the teachings of the Qur’an

21
Q

The Dreaming

A

The belief system of Australian Aboriginals, commonly expressed through stories. Aspects include the origins of a particular region, sacred sites, stories, symbolism and art

22
Q

Totem

A

Object, such as an animal or plant, through which an Aboriginal is linked to the ancestral being responsible for his or her existence

23
Q

Pre-islamic Arabia: historical context

A

Began in the Arabian Peninsula 14000 years ago with prophet Muhammad who lived in Mecca and then Medina
360 bedouin tribes each with their own God, Polotheistic with no belief in afterlife
- engaged in pastoral and agricultural trading activities

24
Q

Pre-islamic arabia: social and religious conditions

A
  • important connection to clan/fam/tribe
  • Jahikiyyah “age of ignorance”
  • women treated differently in each tribe
25
Q

Age of Ignorance

A

Jahiliyyah

26
Q

Ka’ba

A
  • mecca’s most sacred site
  • built by prophet Abraham and son Ishmael
  • first house of worship dedicated to Allah
27
Q

Prophet

A

Inspired teacher, guide sent by God

28
Q

Qu’ran

A

Recitation. The messages of God, recieved over 22years by Muhammad
Arranged in 114 sura’s, longest to shortest
Reflects early Islamic history
Only Qur’an when in arabic

29
Q

Hijra

A

Muhammad seeking protection and preaching at Yathril (Medinna)

30
Q

Medinna

A

City of the prophet

31
Q

Mecca

A

Became holiest islamic place.

Had wars against Medinna however became converted after Muhammad smashed statues at Ka’Ba

32
Q

Muhammad life

A
  • born Mecca 570CE

- prophet of Islam. Honest and settler of disputes

33
Q

Muhammad revelations

A

Recieved in mountains when reflecting
Angel recited first 5 versus
Began preaching to friends and family
12 years of pursecution
Fleed mecca, sought protection at Medinna (Hijra)
Became powerful religious force after Mecca converted

34
Q

Caliph

A

Successor. Made religious and political decisions

35
Q

Four caliphs

A

Amu Bakr
Umar
Uthman
Ali

36
Q

Amu Bakr

A

Muhammad closest friends and father in law. Earliest followers
His election was a signal that islam would be lead by the best people of the community
Democratic precedent
Defended community
Sent exhibition to Siria

37
Q

Umar

A

Community elected Amu Bakr’s successor
Oversaw the expulsion of Christians and Jews from arabia
Organised standing army
Developement of financial and legal institutions
Stabbed

38
Q

Uthman

A

Grievances rose in community over senior appointments

Codified and circulated Qu’ran

39
Q

Ali

A

More division after Uthman ensured
Refusal to punsih those who killed Uthman
Tried to eradicate Kharijites
Assassinated

40
Q

Hadith

A 
Systemises and develops law
Includes what prophet said and did
Instructions and judgements included
Put together 100-150 years after
Authenticity varies
41
Q

Ethics: the qur’an

A

First and greatest authority
Rules about all human actions
Modern concepts can be linked to ancient ones

42
Q

Ethics: the hadith

A

2nd most important authority

Sayings can be used to define a religious response

43
Q

Halal

A

Permissable under Islamic law

44
Q

Haram

A

Forbidden under Islam

45
Q

Ijma

A

Process where by authoritative Muslim jurists come to a concensus about ethical issues

46
Q

Qiyas

A

The process of deductive analogy in which the teachings of the Hadith are compared to those of the Qur’an. Includes the concept of precedents in decision making

SOR 2017 (1 decks)

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