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Intro to Jazz > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Front Line

A

in contrast to the Rhythm Section, these are the instruments that will usually play the MELODY and improvise SOLOS

saxophone, clarinet, trumpet, trombone

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2
Q

Tempo

A

the speed of a particular piece or passage of music

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3
Q

Form/Structure

A

the general framework of a piece of music, usually described in sections

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4
Q

Blues

A

a song structure built on 3 chords and most often 12 bars in length

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5
Q

Phrase

A

a short section of consecutive notes, usually described as melody

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6
Q

Song

A

a number of musical phrases combined together in sections

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7
Q

Swing

A

rhythmic feel common to jazz where basic pulse is subdivided into triplets

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8
Q

Syncopation

A

accenting a normally weak beat or weak part of the beat

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9
Q

Vibrato

A

the fluctuation of the pitch of a vocal or instrumental tone used as an expressive device

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10
Q

Chorus

A

the main body of the song form which is repeated many times for improvised solos

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11
Q

Riff

A

a short melodic phrase often repeated by a soloist or group

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12
Q

Two-Feel

A

a rhythm section style that emphasizes the FIRST and THIRD beat of a four beat measure

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13
Q

Walking Bass

A

a bass style in which a separate tone is played on each beat of the measure

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14
Q

Stop Time

A

a way of accompanying a soloist when the ensemble will make an accent together usually on the FIRST BEAT of each bar

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15
Q

Chart/Arrangement

A

an adaptation of a musical composition in which the arranger writes out what each individual musician has to play

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16
Q

Collective Improvisation

A

a situation when all members if a group improvise simultaneously

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17
Q

Boogie-Woogie

A

a piano style characterized by REPETITIVE LEFT HAND BASS FIGURES and improvised MELODIC VARIATIONS ON RIGHT HAND

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18
Q

Solo Break

A

a short break in the music so the soloist can begin an improvisation

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19
Q

Double Time (feel)

A

when the tempo of the music becomes twice as fast (or when that feeling is implied)

20
Q

Voicing

A

a term describing which particular pitches are used in spelling a chord

21
Q

Jazz Standard

A

a tune that has become part of an accepted repertoire of tunes that most jazz players know

22
Q

Modulation

A

moving from one key/key center to another

23
Q

Chord Changes/Progression

A

a series of chords used as a melody harmonization or for an improvised solo

24
Q

Rhythm Section

A

the instruments in a group that provide the most prominent rhythmic and harmonic foundation of the music

usually piano, bass, guitar, drums, tuba, banjo

25
Q

chops

A

slang term describing technical proficiency on an instrument

26
Q

turn around

A

short series of cords used to establish a key centre

27
Q

Voice leading

A

term used to describe how notes in a chord move to the following chord

28
Q

Block cords

A

cords that moves in parallel motion

29
Q

comping

A

short for accompanying; a term used to describe how a rhythm section player plays behind a soloist

30
Q

scat singing

A

A type of singing that uses nonsense syllables in an improvised solo

31
Q

ballad

A

A piece played at very slow tempo

32
Q

jam session

A

and informal gathering of musicians where each soloist will have a turn to improvise usually on a jazz standard

33
Q

ride cymbal pattern

A

A rhythmic pattern played by the drummer on a simple as the main timekeeping device

34
Q

arpeggio

A

Notes of a cord played sequentially rather than at the same time

35
Q

coda

A

The ending of a piece, usually made up of material outside the song structure

36
Q

fake book

A

compilation of printed songs in basic form indicating only melody line and cord progressions

37
Q

trading fours or eight

A

when two or more instruments will trade solo statements of four bars each

38
Q

harmonic rhythm

A

The pace at which the cord progression of a tune moves

39
Q

then

A

A short cord progression, often repeated for use in intros and endings

40
Q

modal jazz

A

A style of jazz where Melody and/or Harmony is based on arrangement of modes

41
Q

Bassa nova

A

Brazilian style of music derived from Sumbu but with more harmonic and melodic complexity

42
Q

free jazz

A

musical style that does not typically use preset cord progressions or standard forms

43
Q

Fusion

A

A musical style that uses electric instruments, funk/rock rhythms and improvisation

44
Q

pedal point

A

A repeated or sustained note, usually in the base; drone

45
Q

polyrhythm

A

more than one rhythm sounding at the same time

46
Q

double stop

A

sounding two strings at the same time

47
Q

odd metre

A

Time signatures the divide measures into an odd number of beats, such as 5/4 or 7/8

Intro to Jazz (1 decks)

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