Terms Flashcards
Therapeutic Index
Measures the difference between the therapeutic dose and toxic dose
Polydrug use
Effects/reactions when using multiple drugs at the same time
Absorption
The way the drug is taken into the body (orally, IM, IV, topical, etc.) and absorbed in the bloodstreem
Distribution
how the drug gets to areas of the body via the bloodstreem
Metabolism
Liver metabolizes (breaks down) drugs and neutralizes drugs
Elimination
how the drug leaves the body; through urine after it is eliminated by the kidneys
Determine the ____, _____, and _____ of a drugs action
speed, intensity, and duration
Psychoactive drugs
(affecting the mind) drugs that cause mental, emotional and physical effects that pass the blood brain barrier
Tolerance
development of this requires the person to take more and more of a drug to get the same effect
Dependency
When body becomes dependent on the drug to function; gets use to it–dependent on drug when using it over time
Withdrawal
effects when drugs are stopped–physical and psychological
Addiction
Development of tolerance, dependency and withdrawal over using a drug for extended period–being physically and psychologically addicted
Both major and mild neurocognitive disorders can increase the risk of delirium and complicate its course. Traditionally, delirium is distinguished from dementia on the basis of key features of acute onset, impairment in attention, and which of the following?
a. Presence of mania
b. Fluctuating course
c. Steady course
d. Presence of depression
c. Fluctuating course
Depression, irritability, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and apathy are frequently associated with Huntington’s disease and often precedes the onset of motor symptoms. Psychosis more rarely precedes the onset of motor symptoms. Which of the following is a core feature of major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to Huntington’s disease?
a. Progressive cognitive impairment with early changes in executive functioning
b. Prominent early memory impairment, mostly affecting short-term memory.
c. Psychosis in the early stages, with marked olfactory hallucinations
d. Voluntary jerking movements
a. Progressive cognitive impairment with early changes in executive functioning
In a patient with mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD), which of the following would distinguish probable from possible Alzheimer’s disease?
a. Clear evidence of decline in memory and learning
b. Onset after age 80
c. No evidence of mixed etiology
d. Evidence of a causative Alzheimer’s disease genetic mutation from either genetic testing or family history
d. Evidence of a causative Alzheimer’s disease genetic mutation from either genetic testing or family history
