Terms Flashcards
Hazardous substances
Any substance designated under the clean water act and the comprehensive environmental response liability act posing a threat to water ways
Hazardous materials
Any substance or material that poses an unreasonable risk of safety, health, and property when transported in commerce
When released is capable of creating harm to people, the environment, and property including WMD
Extremely hazardous substances
Chemicals determined by the EPA to be extremely hazardous to a community
Hazardous chemicals
Any chemical that would be a risk to employees of exposed in a work place
Hazardous wastes
Discarded materials regulated by EPA because of public health
Dangerous goods
International transportation reference to hazmat material
RCRA
Resource conservation and recovery act
Law establishes a framework for proper management and disposal of waste along with leak prevention and notification requirements for underground storage
CERCLA
Comprehensive environmental response compensation and liability act
Known as superfund
Law addresses hazardous substances released into the environment and clean up
SARA
Superfund amendments and re authorization act
Greatest effect on hazmat emergency planning and response operations
Establish baseline to hazmat planning with HAZWOPER
CAA
Clean air act
Law establishes requirements for air born emissions
OPA
Oil pollution act
Law amended the federal water pollution act covers carriers of oil and related liquid products
HAZWOPER
Hazardous waste operations and emergency response
OSHA 1910.120 (Q)
Response for hazmat spills
LEPC
Responsible for developing and cortina ding the local emergency response system and capabilities
Three key players in state and regulations
State fire marshal
State occupational safety
Health administration
NFPA 472
Response to hazardous materials and weapons of mass destruction
NFPA 473
EMS response to hazardous material
NFPA 475
Destruction emergency response program
NFPA 1072
Hazardous material response personal qualification
Standard of care
Widely accepted practice minimum accepted service in US EMS
Hazards analysis
Hazards presented in the community or facility
Contingency planning
Worst case coordinated response to a hazmat problem
Four components of a hazard analysis program
Hazard identification
Vulnerability
Risk analysis
Emergency response resource evaluation
Toxicity
Ability of a substance to cause injury to a biological tissue
Exposer
Exposer + toxicity = health hazard Contact with a chemical Inhalation Ingestion Absorption Injection
Dose
Dose= concentration x time
Acute effect
Signs and symptoms from exposure may be immediate or 24 to 72 hours
Chronic effects
Incubation period
Systemic effects
Shows up at target organs
7 types of harm
Thermal- temp injury Mechanical- direct contact frag Poisonous- exposer to toxins Corrosive- chemical burns and tissue damage Asphyxiation- oxygen deprivation Radiation- emission of radiation energy Etiological- living microorganisms
Rate of absorption
The faster the chemical enters the body and blood stream
Rate of detoxification
Human body natural defense
Rate of excretion
Rate at which chemicals is removed from cells and the body
Lethal dose LD50
Results in death of 50% of the test patients
Lethal concentration LC50
Death of 50% of test patients after an hour
Threshold limit value/time
Average heathy person exposed for 8 hours a day 40 hours a week without suffering adverse affects
Permissible exposer limit
PEL
8 hour time weight average concentrate
Short term exposer limit
15 min time- weight with 60 min wait period
Threshold limit ceiling
Maxi concentration that should not be exceed
Threshold limit value skin
Possible exposer to material by absorption
IDLH
Immediately dangerous to life
Toxic
Flammable
Oxygen deficient
Three tiers of AEGL
Five exposers 10 min 30 1 hour 4 8
Safe atmosphere
No harmful hazmat effects exist
Unsafe atmosphere
Hazmat is released and risk of unsafe environment
Dangerous atmosphere
IDLH
Carcinogens
Cause cancer
Half life
Time it takes radioactive materials to decrease on half its initial value
ALARA
As low as reasonably achievable
1 RAD=?
1 REM=?
1 cgy
10 msv
Responder dose should not exceed beyond how many REMS?
5
Medical surveillance programs require your place of work to keep copies of medical records how many years after last day of employment?
30 years
