Terms Flashcards
Conquistadors
Spaniards who conquered the native and South Americans during the late 15th and early 16th centuries
Slavery in the renaissance
Not racist at first, developed for labor purposes
Humanism
Rejected religious beliefs and centers on humans and their values, capacities, and worth
30 years war
Cause- Calvinists began to demand recognition of their rights. Bohemian, Danish, Swedish, French phase. Ended by peace of Westphalia
Erasmus
Laid the egg that Luther hatched. Advocated reform of the church on the basis of study of sacred texts
Transubstantistion
Eucharist was spiritually the blood and flesh of Christ but with the appearance of bread and wine
Consubstantiation
The Eucharist was the literal flesh and blood of Christ
Difference between N. renaissance and Italian renaissance
Italian ren. was loftier, more idealistic.
Northern focused more on the common man and every day life.
Interregnum
The period of parliamentary and military rule under the commonwealth of England after the English civil war
Spanish Inquisition
Intended to maintain catholic orthodoxy in their kingdoms and to replace the medieval inquisition which was under papal control
“Here I stand, I can do no other”
Martin Luther
Puritans
Group of people who grew discontent in the Church of England and worked toward religious, moral and societal reforms
Schmalkaldic war
Ended by peace of Augsburg
Martin Luther
Helped to separate Roman Catholics from Protestants. Criticized the selling of indulgences. Questioned scriptural authority of pope. Did not seek new church, but rather to reform the Catholic Church. Believe salvation could be achieved through faith alone. Bible is sole authority
Henry VIII’s break from the church
Denied a divorce from the pope that eventually formed the Anglican Church.
Henry IV
Converted to Protestantism. Navarre. Showed great care for his subjects. Religiously tolerant for his time. Enacted the edict of Nantes. Laid foundation for France being the strongest European power in the 17th century. Strengthened social hierarchy. Weakened the nobility.
Zwingli
Leader of the reformation in Switzerland. Believed the bible is truth; anything not in the bible is not true.
John Calvin
Feared god and that he was watching all the time. Believed in consubstantiation. Christ was there spiritually.
Richelieu
Laid the foundation for absolutism in France. Politique. Subdued the Huguenots. Sought to weaken the Habsburg empire.
Duke of sully
Enhanced the power of the monarchy. Reduced royal debt. Reformed the tax system to make it more efficient. Oversaw improved transportation.
War of Spanish succession
Cause: the will of Charles II gave all Spanish territories to the grandson of Louis XIV. Savoy (representing hre) were victorious against France
