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Neuro Y2 > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Papilledema

A

swelling of the optic nerve head due to obstruction of venous outflow from the eyes (increased ICP)

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2
Q

Myelopathy

A

pathology of the spinal cord

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3
Q

Radiculopathy

A

Damage to one or more of the nerve roots for any reason

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4
Q

Meningissmuss

A

reflex resistance to passive neck flesion (usually w/ pain from menigial irritation).

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5
Q

Primary respiratory centers?

A

medulla

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6
Q

Can the brain cause EKG changes that appear as ischemia?

A

Yes. w/ subarachnoid hemorrhage (incr. ST seg. and arrhythmia)

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7
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

too much CSF

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8
Q

Agnosia

A

can’t recognize what something is even though you can see, feel, or hear it.

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9
Q

Agnosagnosia

A

inability to recognize a particular deficit (like that you are paralyzed).

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10
Q

Apraxia

A

inability to synthesize complex motor patterns (though you have the strength and coordination).

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11
Q

Receptive aphasia

A

inability to understand language

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12
Q

Expressive aphasia

A

can’t synthesize language (written or verbal)

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13
Q

Global aphasia

A

can’t understand or produce language

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14
Q

dysinhibition

A

appearance of responses that are normally suppressed - (primitive reflexes)

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15
Q

Dysnomia

A

inability to name objects

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16
Q

Paraphasic

A

substituting words that have inappropriate meaning (that sounds similar)

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17
Q

Paratonia

A

involuntary, irregular resistance to passive movement

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18
Q

Perseveration

A

repeating motions or response when it is inappropriate to do so

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19
Q

Anosmia

A

can’t smell

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20
Q

hemianopsia

A

loss of visual perception of one-half of the visual world

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21
Q

scotoma

A

patch of vision loss

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22
Q

strabismus

A

lazy eye

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23
Q

miosis

A

constriction of the pupil

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24
Q

mydriasis

A

dilation of the pupil

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25
Q

myopia

A

near-sighted (can’t see far)

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26
Q

hyperopia

A

far-sighted (can’t see near)

27
Q

amblyopia

A

one eye has bad vision and the brain turns off control to that eye

28
Q

anisocorea

A

inequality of pupil size

29
Q

vertical gaze center in the brainstem

A

rostral interstitial nucleus

30
Q

ageusia

A

loss of taste perception

31
Q

dysarthria

A

cant speak (motor issues)

32
Q

dysphasia

A

difficulty swallowing

33
Q

agnosia

A

inability to recognize a sensation

34
Q

graphesthesia

A

inability to determine letters drawn on the skin

35
Q

sclerotome

A

area of bone and joints supplied by a single nerve root

36
Q

hyperpathia

A

exaggerated perception of normally painful stimuli

37
Q

allodynia

A

perception of normally innocuous stimuli as being painful

38
Q

hyperesthesia

A

excessive sensitivity to any modality

39
Q

dysesthesia

A

feeling pain when there is no stimulus

40
Q

Paresthesia

A

detection of a sensation in the absence of any stimulus

41
Q

athetosis

A

purposeless, involuntary writhing

42
Q

dystonia

A

involuntary, sustained twisting position of the body

43
Q

hemiballism

A

repeated, involuntary flinging movement of one side

44
Q

fasciculation

A

involuntary twitching of individual motor units

45
Q

delta brain waves

A

slowest brain waves

46
Q

beta brain waves

A

fastest brain waves

47
Q

pleocytosis

A

white blood cells in the CSF

48
Q

Charcot-Marie-Tooth

A

hereditary neuropathies that usually show up in late childhood

49
Q

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

A

autoimmune condition produces weakness in the hip girdle muscles

50
Q

Paraneoplastic syndrome

A

remote effects of a tumor - most often antibodies affecting another part of the body

51
Q

what is suggested by proximal, symmetrical distribution of weakness?

A

myopathy

52
Q

what is suggested by distal, symmetrical distribution of weakness?

A

neuropathy

53
Q

Tinel sign

A

generation of paresthesias in the distribution of the nerve following a light tap with the reflex hammer

54
Q

astasia-abasia

A

dramatic lurching (hysterical presentation)

55
Q

gait apraxia

A

pt makes simple walking movements - sliding feet along the ground

56
Q

transcortical aphasia

A

can’t name objects presented to you - often seen in Alzheimer’s

57
Q

paratonia

A

involuntary, irregular resistance to passive movements

58
Q

gait apraxia

A

shuffling

59
Q

dementia

A

diffuse loss or cortical functions - must be more than one cognitive function

60
Q

delerium

A

stupor + agitations

61
Q

reticular activating system

A

midbrain region needed to maintain consciousness

62
Q

locked-in

A

damage to the base of the pons with preservation of consciousness and vertical eye movements

63
Q

postherepetic neuralgia

A

continued pain and dysthesias after zoster infection

64
Q

fibromyalgia syndrome

A

idiopathic condition of diffuse, chronic pain

Neuro Y2 (10 decks)

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