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Foods and Nutrition > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

0
Q

Complete Protein

A
  • contains all essential amino acids

- comes from an animal source

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1
Q

What are the six groups of nutrients?

A
  • protein
  • carbohydrates
  • fats
  • vitamins
  • minerals
  • water
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2
Q

Incomplete Protein

A
  • doesn’t contain all essential amino acids

- comes from a vegetable source

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3
Q

Functions of Protein (3)

A
  • builds and repairs muscle tissue
  • promotes growth
  • supplies energy when fat and carb intake is low
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4
Q

Deficiency Disease of Protein

A

Kwashiorkor

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5
Q

Sources of Protein

A
  • meat
  • beans
  • milk
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6
Q

Types of Carbohydrates

A

Starches - provide energy
Sugars - provide energy
Fibers - aid in digestion and elimination

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7
Q

Functions of Carbohydrates (3)

A
  • provide energy
  • fiber digestion and elimination
  • spares protein
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8
Q

Deficiencies of Carbohydrates

A
  • lack of energy

- constipation

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9
Q

Sources of carbohydrates

A
  • milk
  • fruit
  • vegetables
  • rice
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10
Q

Saturated Fats

A
  • raises LDL in bloodstream
  • solid at room temp
  • most from animal sources
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11
Q

Unsaturated Fats

A
  • doesn’t raise LDL in bloodstream
  • liquid at room temp
  • most from vegetable sources
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12
Q

Functions of Fats (6)

A
  • concentrated energy
  • carries fat soluble vitamins
  • keeps body warm
  • protects organs from injury
  • promotes healthy skin
  • adds flavor to meals
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13
Q

Sources of Fat

A
  • meat
  • milk products
  • fat
  • oils
  • sweets
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14
Q

Fat Soluble Vitamins

A

ADEK

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15
Q

Water Soluble Vitamins

A

B1,B2,B3,C

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16
Q

Functions of Vitamin A

A
  • prevents night blindness

- keeps eye tissue healthy

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17
Q

Vitamin A Deficiency

A
  • night blindness
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18
Q

Sources of Vitamin A

A
  • dark green, orange, and red vegetables
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19
Q

Vitamin D

A
  • sunshine vitamin
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20
Q

Functions of Vitamin D

A
  • works with calcium and phosphorus to build healthy and strong bones and teeth
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21
Q

Vitamin D Deficiency

A
  • rickets
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22
Q

Sources of Vitamin D

A
  • milk and sunshine
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23
Q

Function of Vitamin E

A
  • prevents destruction of red blood cells
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24
Q

Sources of Vitamin E

A
  • breads
  • fruits
  • vegetables
  • fats
  • meats
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25
Q

Functions of Vitamin K

A
  • helps blood to clot

- prevents severe bleeding

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26
Q

Sources of Vitamin K

A
  • dark green, leafy vegetables
  • egg yolks
  • cabbage family
27
Q

Vitamin B1

A

Thiamine

28
Q

Functions of Vitamin B1

A
  • turns carbs into energy

- neeeded for muscle coordination and healthy nervous system

29
Q

Vitamin B1 Deficiency

A

Beriberi

30
Q

Sources of Vitamin B1

A
  • enriched breads
  • dried beans
  • pork
31
Q

Vitamin B2

A

Riboflavin

32
Q

Functions of Vitamin B2

A
  • keeps area around eyes/mouth healthy

- helps resist infection

33
Q

Vitamin B2 Deficiency

A
  • dry cracked skin around mouth, eyes, and nose
34
Q

Sources of Vitamin B2

A
  • enriched breads
  • milk
  • meats
35
Q

Vitamin B3

A

Niacin

36
Q

Functions of Vitamin B3

A
  • healthy nervous system

- healthy skin

37
Q

Vitamin B3 Deficiency

A
  • Pellagra
38
Q

Sources of Vitamin B3

A
  • enriched and whole grain breads
  • meats
  • peanuts
39
Q

Vitamin C

A

Ascorbic Acid

40
Q

Functions of Vitamin C

A
  • helps body resist infections

- healthy teeth and gums

41
Q

Vitamin C Deficiency

A
  • scurvy
42
Q

Sources of Vitamin C

A
  • citrus fruits
  • fruits
  • vegetables
43
Q

Function of Calcium

A
  • build strong bones and teeth
44
Q

Calcium Deficiency

A
  • rickets and osteoporosis
45
Q

Sources of Calcium

A
  • milk
  • milk products
  • spinach
  • broccoli
46
Q

Phosphorus

A
  • works with calcium to build strong and healthy bones and teeth
47
Q

Sources of Phosphorus

A
  • meat/poultry
  • fish
  • eggs
  • nuts
48
Q

Flourine

A
  • hardens teeth
49
Q

Floruine Deficiency

A
  • tooth decay
50
Q

Sources of Flourine

A
  • toothpaste and mouthwash

- treated water

51
Q

Functions of Iron

A
  • helps in formation of red blood cells

- carries oxygen to cells

52
Q

Iron Deficiency

A
  • anemia
53
Q

Sources of Iron

A
  • red meats
  • liver
  • egg yolks
  • whole grains
  • dried beans
54
Q

Functions of Iodine

A
  • helps control work of thyroid gland which controls metabollic rate
55
Q

Iodine Deficiency

A
  • goiter
56
Q

Sources of Iodine

A
  • salt

- seafood

57
Q

Functions of Water

A
  • regulates body temp
  • rids body of toxins
  • regulates body processes
58
Q

Water Deficiency

A
  • dry mouth

- dehydration

59
Q

Empty Calorie Foods

A
  • low in nutritional value

- high in calories

60
Q

Calorie Dense Foods

A
  • high in calories

- low in nutrional value

61
Q

Nutrient Dense Foods

A
  • high in nutritional value
62
Q

Combination Foods

A
  • foods in 2 or more food groups
63
Q

Condiments

A
  • foods that add flavor or seasoning to other foods
64
Q

Pasteurized

A
  • heat process required by law

- removes most bacteria

65
Q

Homogenized

A
  • not required by law

- blends fat and milk and eliminates seperation

66
Q

Lavoisier

A
  • father of nutrition

Foods and Nutrition (7 decks)

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