Terms Flashcards
Argument
A group of statements, one or more of which (the premises) are claimed to provide support for, or reasons to believe, one of the others (conclusion)
Logic
The science that evaluates arguments
Statement
A sentence that either true or false, in predicate logic, an expression involving bound variables or consonants throughout.
Premise
A statement in an argument that sets forth evidence.
Conclusion
The statement in an argument that the premises are claimed to support or imply.
Conclusion indicator
A word that provides a clue to identifying a conclusion.
Premise indicator
A word that provides a clue to identifying a premise.
Inference
The reasoning process expressed by an argument.
Proposition
The information content of a statement.
Truth value
The attribute by which a statement is either true or false.
Conclusion indicators
Therefore Wherefore Thus Consequently We may infer Accordingly We may conclude It must be that For this reason So Entails that Hence It follows that Implies that As a result
Premise indicators
Since As indicated by Because For In that May be inferred from As Given that Seeing that For the reason that Inasmuch as Owing to
Syllogistic logic
A kind of logic in which the fundamental elements are terms, and arguments are evaluated as good or bad depending in how the terms are arranged in the argument.
Modal logic
A kind of logic that involves such concepts as possibility, necessity, belief, and doubt.
