Terms Flashcards
Recency effect
the most recent things from a list are remembered because being shared in STM
Phonological store
linked to speech perception. holds information in speech-based form for 1-2 seconds
Rationalization
we add details to our recall
Input
information received from our senses
Output
our behavioral reaction to the information we receive
Encoding
turning sensory information into a form that can be used and stored
Retrieval
recalled memory
Three ways of encoding information
acoustic encoding - sound information
visual encoding - holding images
semantic encoding - holding meaning
Displacement
when short-term memory becomes ‘full’ and new information pushes out the older information
Interference
when new information overwrites older information
Chunking
when the brain breaks down information into smaller chunks so the STM can hold more information
The Serial position effect
people tend to remember the beginning and the end of the list and not usually the middle
Primacy effect
people remember the beginning because they have time to rehearse it so it can make its way into the LTM
Central Executive
drives the whole system and allocates data to the subsystems. it also deals with cognitive tasks such as mental arithmetic and problem-solving
Phonological loop
it’s the part of working memory that deals with spoken and written material. it can be used to remember a phone number. it consists of two-part stores
