Terms Flashcards
- Ideal for compute-bound applications that benefit from high-preformancce processors
- Ideal for: high-performance web servers, compute-intensive applications servers, and dedicated gaming servers, and batch processing w/ many transactions in a single group
Compute Optimized Instances
- Provide a balance of compute, memory, and networking respources
- Ideal for: application servers, gaming servers, backend servers for enterprise applications, small and medium databases
General Purpose Instances
- Deliver fast performance for workloads that process large datasets in memory
- Ideal for: workloads that requires large amounts of data to be preloaded before running an application or workloads that involve real-time processing of large amounts of unstructed data
Memory Optimizeed Instances
- Use hardware accelerators, or coprocessors, to perform some functions more efficiently
- Ideal for: workloads such as graphics applications, game streaming, and application streaming
Accelerated Computing Instances
- Ideal for workloads that require high, sequential read and write access to large datasets on local storage
- Ideal for: distributed file systems, data warehousing applications, and high-frequency online transaction processing (OLTP) systems.
Storage Optimized Instances
- Ideal for short-term, irregular workloads that cannot be interrupted
- Ideal for: developing and testing applications and running applications that have unpredictable usage patterns
Not reccomended for workloads tht last a year or longer
On-Demand Instances
- A billing discount applied to the use of On-Demand Instances in your account
- 1-year of 3-year term
Reserved Instances
Ideal if you know the EC2 instance type and size you need for your steady-state applications and in which AWS Region you plan to run them
Require you to state: Instance type and size, platform description (OS), tenancy, and region
Standard Reserved Instances
Ideal if you need to run your EC2 instances in different Availability Zones or different instance types
Convertible Reserved Instances
- Reduce your EC2 instance costs when you make an hourly spend commitment to an instance family and Region for a 1-year or 3-year term
- A good option if you need flexibility in your Amazon EC2 usage over the duration of the commitment term
Don’t need to specify up front what EC2 instance type and size, OS, and tenancy to get discount (up to 72%)
EC2 Instance Savings Plan
Ideal for workloads with flexible start and end times, or that can withstand interruptions
Up to 90% discount
Spot Instances
Physical servers with Amazon EC2 instance capacity that is fully dedicated to your use
Most expensive
Dedicated Hosts
- Automatically add or remove Amazon EC2 instances in response to changing application demand
- Must state: minimum capacity, desired capacity, and maximum capacity
Two types:
Dynamiic scaling - responds to chaning demand
Predicitive scaling - automatically schedules the right number of Amazon EC2 instaances based on predicted demand
Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling
Automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple resources
Elastic Load Balancing
Suppose that you have an application with tightly coupled components. These components might include databases, servers, the user interface, business logic, and so on
if a single component fails, other components fail, and possibly the entire application fails
Monolithic Application
Applicaiton components are loosely coupled
if a single component fails, the other components continue to work because they are communicating with each other
Microserves Approach
- Publish/subscribe service
- A publisher publishes messages to subscribers
- Subscribers can be web servers, email addresses, AWS Lambda functions, or several other options
Amazon SNS (Amazon Simple Notification Service)
Is a message queing service
you can send, store, and receive messages between software components, without losing messages or requiring other services to be available
Amazon SQS (Amazon SImple Queue Service)
A service that lets you run code without needing to provision or manage servers
AWS service for serless computing
AWS Lambda
Provide you with a standard way to package your application’s code and dependencies into a single object
Containers
A highly scalable, high-performance container management system that enables you to run and scale containerized applications on AWS
Supports Docker containers
Amazon ECS (Amazon Elastic Container Service)
A fully managed service that you can use to run Kubernetes on AWS
Amazon EKS (Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service)
- Serverless compute engine for containers
- No need to provision or manage servers
Works with both Amazon ECS and Amazon EKS
AWS Fargate
A single data center or a group of data centers within a Region
Availability Zone
a site that Amazon CloudFront uses to store cached copies of your content closer to your customers for faster delivery
Edge Location
- Web-based interface for accessing and managing AWS services
- Includes wizards and automated workflows that can simplify the process of completing tasks
AWS Management Console
- Enables you to control multiple AWS services directly from the command line within one tool
- You can automate the actions that your services and applications perfrom throguh scripts
AWS CLI (AWS Command Line Interface)
Make it easier for you to use AWS services through an API designed for your programming language or platform
SDKs (Software Development Kits)
You provide code and configuration settings and __ __ __ deploys the resources nessary to preform the following tasks:
Adjust capacity
Load Balancing
Automatic Scaling
Application health monitoring
AWS Elastic Beanstalk
Allows you to build an enviorment by writing lines of code instead of using the AWS Management Console to individually provision resources
AWS CloudFormation
Enables you to provision an isolated section of the AWS Cloud
Amazon VPC (Amazon Virtual Private Cloud)
A section of a VPC in which you can group resources based on security or operational needs
Subnet
A connection between a VPC and the internet
Internet Gateway
Allows you to access private resources in a VPC
Use: enables you to establish a virtual private network connection between your VPC and a private network
Virtual Private Gateway
A service that lets you to establish a dedicated private connection between your data center and a VPC
AWS Direct Connect
Contains resources that need to be accessible by the public, such as an online store’s website
Public Subnets
Contains resources that should be accessible only through your private network, such as a database that contains customers’ personal information and order histories
Private Subnets
A virtural firewall that controls inbound and outbound traffic at the subnet level
Preform stateless packet filtering
By default, allows all inbound and outbound
By custom default, all inbound and outbound is denied
Network ACL
Packet filtering that remembers nothing and check packets that cross the subnet border each way
Stateless packet filtering
A virtual firewall that controls inbound and outbound traffic for an Amazon EC2 instance
Preforms stateful packet filtering
By default, denies all inbound traffic and allows all outbound traffic
Security Group
Pakcet filtering that remembers previous decisions made from incoming packets
Stateful Packet Filitering
Customers enter the web address into their browser, and they are able to access the website
Phone book of the internet
DNS (Domain Name System) Resolution
AWS DNS web service
A reliable way to route end users to internet applicaitons hosted in AWS
Amazon Route 53
Provides tempory block-level storage for an Amazon EC2 instance
Disk storage that is physically attached to the host computer for an EC2 instance and therefore has the same lifespan as the instance
Instance Store
A service that provides block-level storage volumes that you can use with Amazon EC2 instances
If you stop or terminate an Amazon EC2 instance, all the data on the attached volume remains available
Amazon EBS (Amazon Elastic Block Store)
Incremental backup
EBS Snapshot
consists of data, metadata, and a key
Data: a type of file
Metadata: info aboutwhat the data is, how it’s used, the object size, etc
Key: a unique identifier
Object Storage
A service that provides object-level storage
Stores data as objects in buckets
Amazon S3 (Amazon Simple Storage Service)
- Designed for frequently accessed data
- Stores in a minimum of three Availability Zones
S3 Standard
- Ideal for infrequently accessed data
- Similar to Amazon S3 but has a lower price and higher retrieval price
S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA)
- Stores data in a single Availabilty Zone
- Has a lower storage price than Amazon S3 Standard-IA
S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (s3 One Zone-IA)
- Ideal for data with unknown or changing access patterns
- Requires a small monthly monitoring and automation fee per object
S3 Intelligent Tiering
- Works well for archived data that requires immediate access
- Can retreieve objects within a few milliseconds
S3 Glacier Instnat Retrieval
- Low-cost storage designed for data archiving
- Able to retrieve objects within a few minutes
S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval
- Lowest-cost object storage class ideal for archiving
- Able to retrieve objects within 12 hours
S3 Glacier Deep Archive
- Creats S3 buckets on Amazon S3 Outposts
- Makes it easier to retrieve, store, and access data on AWS Outposts
S3 Outposts
Multiple clients can access data that is stored in shared file folders
Ideal when a large number of services and resources need to access the same data at the same time
File Storage
A scalable file system used with Aws Cloud services and on-premises resources
Grows and shrinks automatically
Amazon EFS (Amazon Elastic File System)
A managed service that enables you to run relational databases in the AWS Cloud
Automates tasks such as hardware provisioning, database setup, patching, and backups
Amzon RDS (Amzon Relational Database Service)
Amazon RDS database engines
6 engines
- AmazonAurora
- PortgreSQL
- MySQL
- MariaDB
- Oracle Database
- Microsoft SQL Server