Terms Flashcards

1
Q
  • Ideal for compute-bound applications that benefit from high-preformancce processors
  • Ideal for: high-performance web servers, compute-intensive applications servers, and dedicated gaming servers, and batch processing w/ many transactions in a single group
A

Compute Optimized Instances

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2
Q
  • Provide a balance of compute, memory, and networking respources
  • Ideal for: application servers, gaming servers, backend servers for enterprise applications, small and medium databases
A

General Purpose Instances

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3
Q
  • Deliver fast performance for workloads that process large datasets in memory
  • Ideal for: workloads that requires large amounts of data to be preloaded before running an application or workloads that involve real-time processing of large amounts of unstructed data
A

Memory Optimizeed Instances

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4
Q
  • Use hardware accelerators, or coprocessors, to perform some functions more efficiently
  • Ideal for: workloads such as graphics applications, game streaming, and application streaming
A

Accelerated Computing Instances

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5
Q
  • Ideal for workloads that require high, sequential read and write access to large datasets on local storage
  • Ideal for: distributed file systems, data warehousing applications, and high-frequency online transaction processing (OLTP) systems.
A

Storage Optimized Instances

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6
Q
  • Ideal for short-term, irregular workloads that cannot be interrupted
  • Ideal for: developing and testing applications and running applications that have unpredictable usage patterns

Not reccomended for workloads tht last a year or longer

A

On-Demand Instances

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7
Q
  • A billing discount applied to the use of On-Demand Instances in your account
  • 1-year of 3-year term
A

Reserved Instances

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8
Q

Ideal if you know the EC2 instance type and size you need for your steady-state applications and in which AWS Region you plan to run them

Require you to state: Instance type and size, platform description (OS), tenancy, and region

A

Standard Reserved Instances

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9
Q

Ideal if you need to run your EC2 instances in different Availability Zones or different instance types

A

Convertible Reserved Instances

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10
Q
  • Reduce your EC2 instance costs when you make an hourly spend commitment to an instance family and Region for a 1-year or 3-year term
  • A good option if you need flexibility in your Amazon EC2 usage over the duration of the commitment term

Don’t need to specify up front what EC2 instance type and size, OS, and tenancy to get discount (up to 72%)

A

EC2 Instance Savings Plan

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11
Q

Ideal for workloads with flexible start and end times, or that can withstand interruptions

Up to 90% discount

A

Spot Instances

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12
Q

Physical servers with Amazon EC2 instance capacity that is fully dedicated to your use

Most expensive

A

Dedicated Hosts

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13
Q
  • Automatically add or remove Amazon EC2 instances in response to changing application demand
  • Must state: minimum capacity, desired capacity, and maximum capacity

Two types:
Dynamiic scaling - responds to chaning demand

Predicitive scaling - automatically schedules the right number of Amazon EC2 instaances based on predicted demand

A

Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling

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14
Q

Automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple resources

A

Elastic Load Balancing

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15
Q

Suppose that you have an application with tightly coupled components. These components might include databases, servers, the user interface, business logic, and so on

if a single component fails, other components fail, and possibly the entire application fails

A

Monolithic Application

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16
Q

Applicaiton components are loosely coupled

if a single component fails, the other components continue to work because they are communicating with each other

A

Microserves Approach

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17
Q
  • Publish/subscribe service
  • A publisher publishes messages to subscribers
  • Subscribers can be web servers, email addresses, AWS Lambda functions, or several other options
A

Amazon SNS (Amazon Simple Notification Service)

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18
Q

Is a message queing service

you can send, store, and receive messages between software components, without losing messages or requiring other services to be available

A

Amazon SQS (Amazon SImple Queue Service)

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19
Q

A service that lets you run code without needing to provision or manage servers

AWS service for serless computing

A

AWS Lambda

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20
Q

Provide you with a standard way to package your application’s code and dependencies into a single object

A

Containers

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21
Q

A highly scalable, high-performance container management system that enables you to run and scale containerized applications on AWS

Supports Docker containers

A

Amazon ECS (Amazon Elastic Container Service)

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22
Q

A fully managed service that you can use to run Kubernetes on AWS

A

Amazon EKS (Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service)

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23
Q
  • Serverless compute engine for containers
  • No need to provision or manage servers

Works with both Amazon ECS and Amazon EKS

A

AWS Fargate

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24
Q

A single data center or a group of data centers within a Region

A

Availability Zone

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25
Q

a site that Amazon CloudFront uses to store cached copies of your content closer to your customers for faster delivery

A

Edge Location

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26
Q
  • Web-based interface for accessing and managing AWS services
  • Includes wizards and automated workflows that can simplify the process of completing tasks
A

AWS Management Console

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27
Q
  • Enables you to control multiple AWS services directly from the command line within one tool
  • You can automate the actions that your services and applications perfrom throguh scripts
A

AWS CLI (AWS Command Line Interface)

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28
Q

Make it easier for you to use AWS services through an API designed for your programming language or platform

A

SDKs (Software Development Kits)

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29
Q

You provide code and configuration settings and __ __ __ deploys the resources nessary to preform the following tasks:
Adjust capacity
Load Balancing
Automatic Scaling
Application health monitoring

A

AWS Elastic Beanstalk

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30
Q

Allows you to build an enviorment by writing lines of code instead of using the AWS Management Console to individually provision resources

A

AWS CloudFormation

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31
Q

Enables you to provision an isolated section of the AWS Cloud

A

Amazon VPC (Amazon Virtual Private Cloud)

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32
Q

A section of a VPC in which you can group resources based on security or operational needs

A

Subnet

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33
Q

A connection between a VPC and the internet

A

Internet Gateway

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34
Q

Allows you to access private resources in a VPC

Use: enables you to establish a virtual private network connection between your VPC and a private network

A

Virtual Private Gateway

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35
Q

A service that lets you to establish a dedicated private connection between your data center and a VPC

A

AWS Direct Connect

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36
Q

Contains resources that need to be accessible by the public, such as an online store’s website

A

Public Subnets

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37
Q

Contains resources that should be accessible only through your private network, such as a database that contains customers’ personal information and order histories

A

Private Subnets

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38
Q

A virtural firewall that controls inbound and outbound traffic at the subnet level

Preform stateless packet filtering

By default, allows all inbound and outbound
By custom default, all inbound and outbound is denied

A

Network ACL

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39
Q

Packet filtering that remembers nothing and check packets that cross the subnet border each way

A

Stateless packet filtering

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40
Q

A virtual firewall that controls inbound and outbound traffic for an Amazon EC2 instance

Preforms stateful packet filtering

By default, denies all inbound traffic and allows all outbound traffic

A

Security Group

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41
Q

Pakcet filtering that remembers previous decisions made from incoming packets

A

Stateful Packet Filitering

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42
Q

Customers enter the web address into their browser, and they are able to access the website

Phone book of the internet

A

DNS (Domain Name System) Resolution

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43
Q

AWS DNS web service

A reliable way to route end users to internet applicaitons hosted in AWS

A

Amazon Route 53

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44
Q

Provides tempory block-level storage for an Amazon EC2 instance

Disk storage that is physically attached to the host computer for an EC2 instance and therefore has the same lifespan as the instance

A

Instance Store

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45
Q

A service that provides block-level storage volumes that you can use with Amazon EC2 instances

If you stop or terminate an Amazon EC2 instance, all the data on the attached volume remains available

A

Amazon EBS (Amazon Elastic Block Store)

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46
Q

Incremental backup

A

EBS Snapshot

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47
Q

consists of data, metadata, and a key

Data: a type of file
Metadata: info aboutwhat the data is, how it’s used, the object size, etc
Key: a unique identifier

A

Object Storage

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48
Q

A service that provides object-level storage

Stores data as objects in buckets

A

Amazon S3 (Amazon Simple Storage Service)

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49
Q
  • Designed for frequently accessed data
  • Stores in a minimum of three Availability Zones
A

S3 Standard

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50
Q
  • Ideal for infrequently accessed data
  • Similar to Amazon S3 but has a lower price and higher retrieval price
A

S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA)

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51
Q
  • Stores data in a single Availabilty Zone
  • Has a lower storage price than Amazon S3 Standard-IA
A

S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (s3 One Zone-IA)

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52
Q
  • Ideal for data with unknown or changing access patterns
  • Requires a small monthly monitoring and automation fee per object
A

S3 Intelligent Tiering

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53
Q
  • Works well for archived data that requires immediate access
  • Can retreieve objects within a few milliseconds
A

S3 Glacier Instnat Retrieval

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54
Q
  • Low-cost storage designed for data archiving
  • Able to retrieve objects within a few minutes
A

S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval

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55
Q
  • Lowest-cost object storage class ideal for archiving
  • Able to retrieve objects within 12 hours
A

S3 Glacier Deep Archive

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56
Q
  • Creats S3 buckets on Amazon S3 Outposts
  • Makes it easier to retrieve, store, and access data on AWS Outposts
A

S3 Outposts

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57
Q

Multiple clients can access data that is stored in shared file folders

Ideal when a large number of services and resources need to access the same data at the same time

A

File Storage

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58
Q

A scalable file system used with Aws Cloud services and on-premises resources

Grows and shrinks automatically

A

Amazon EFS (Amazon Elastic File System)

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59
Q

A managed service that enables you to run relational databases in the AWS Cloud

Automates tasks such as hardware provisioning, database setup, patching, and backups

A

Amzon RDS (Amzon Relational Database Service)

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60
Q

Amazon RDS database engines

6 engines

A
  • AmazonAurora
  • PortgreSQL
  • MySQL
  • MariaDB
  • Oracle Database
  • Microsoft SQL Server
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61
Q

An enterprise-class relational database

A

Amazon Aurora

62
Q

You create tables
No SQL database

A

Nonrelational Database

63
Q

Key-value databse service

Serverless
Automatic Scaling

A

Amazon DynamoDB

64
Q

Enabled you to migrate DATA from relational databases, nonrelational databases, and other types of data stores.

A

AWS DMS (Amazon Database Migration Service)

65
Q

A document database service that supports MongoDB workloads

A

Amazon DocumentDB

66
Q

A graph database service

A

Amazon Neptune

67
Q

A ledger database service

A

Amazon QLDB

68
Q

A serice that can be used to create and manage blockchain netowrks with open-source frameworks

A

Aamzon Managed Blockchain

69
Q

A service that adds caching layers on top of your databases to help improve the read times of common requests

A

Amazon ElastiCache

70
Q

In-memory cache for DynamoDB

A

DAX (Amazon DynamoDB Accelerator)

71
Q

Shared Responsibility Model

A

Customers: Security in the cloud
AWS: Security of the cloud

72
Q

Allows you to manage access to AWS services and reources securely

control who is authenticated (signed in) and authorized (has permissions) to use resource

A

IAM (AWS Identity and Access Management)

73
Q

An idenitity that you create in AWS

Represnets the persons or application that interacts with AWS services and resources

A

IAM User

Default: No premissions

73
Q

A document that allows or denies premissions to AWS services and resources

A

IAM Policies

74
Q

A collection of IAM users

A

IAM Groups

75
Q

An Identity that you can assume to get temporary access to premissions

A

IAM Role

76
Q

Can be used to consolidate and manage multiple AWS accounts within a central location

A

AWS Organizations

77
Q

In AWS Organizations you can centrally control premissions for the accounts in your organization by using…

A

SCPs (Service Control Policies)

78
Q

A service that provides on-demand access to AWS security and compliance reports and select online aggrements

A

AWS Artifact

Consists of AWS Artifact Agreements and AWS Artifact Reports

79
Q

Contains resources to help you learn more about AWS compliance

A

Customer Compliance Center

80
Q

A service that protects applications against DDoS attacks

A

AWS Shield

81
Q

Review, accept, and manage agreements for an individual account and for all your accounts in AWS Organizations

A

AWS Artifact Agreements

82
Q

Provides compliance reports from third party auditors

A

AWS Artifact Reports

83
Q

Enables you to preform encryption operations through the use of crytographic keys

Can be used to create,manage, and use cryptographic keys

A

AWS KMS (AWS Key Management Service)

84
Q

A web applications firewall that lets you monitor networks requests that come into your web applications

Works to block or allow traffic using a web access control list (ACL)

A

AWS WAF

85
Q

A web service that enables you to monitor and manage various metrics and configure alarm actions based on data from those metrics

A

Amazon CloudWatch

86
Q

Records API calls for your account

Recorded Information includes the identity of the API caller, the time of the API call, the source IP address of the API caller, and more

A

AWS CloudTrail

87
Q

Optional feature that allows CloudTrail to automaticallly detect unusual API activity in your AWS account

A

CloudTrail Insights

88
Q

A web service that inspects your AWS envioronment and provides real-time recommendations in accordance with AWS best practices

A

AWS Trusted Advisor

89
Q

Lets you explore AWS services and create an estimate for the cost of your use cases on AWS

A

AWS Pricing Calculator

90
Q

You are charged based on the number of requests for your functions and the time that it takes for them to run

A

AWS Lambda Pricing

91
Q

You pay for only the compute time that you use while your instances are running

A

Amazon EC2 Pricing

92
Q

Pricing absed off of:
Storage
Requests and data retrieval
Data transfer
management and replication

A

Amazon S3 Pricing

93
Q

Used to pay your AWS bill, monitor your usage and analyze and control your costs

A

AWS Billing & Cost Management dashboard

94
Q

Create budgets to plan your service usage, service costs, and instance reservations

A

AWS Budgets

95
Q

A tool that lets you visualizel, understand, and manage your AWS costs and usage over time

A

AWS Cost Explorer

96
Q
  • Free for all
  • Limited selections of Trusted Advisor checks
A

Basic Support

97
Q
  • Limited selections of Trusted Advisor checks
  • Best practice guidance
  • Client-side diagonstic tools
  • Building-block architecture support, which consists of guidence for how to use AWS offerings, features, and services together
A

Developer Support

98
Q
  • Use-case guidence to identify AWS offerings, features, and services that can best support your specific needs
  • All AWS Trusted Advisor checks
  • Limited support for third-party software, such as common operating systems and application stack components
A

Business Support

99
Q
  • A pool of Technical Account Mnagers to provide proactive guidance and coordinate access to programs and AWS experts
  • A Cost Optimozation workshop (1/year)
  • A concierge support team for billing and account assistance
  • Tools to monitor costs and performance through Trusted Advisor and Health API/Dashboard
A

Enterprise On-Ramp Support

100
Q
  • A designated Technical Account Manager to provide proactive guidance and coordinate access to programs and AWS experts
  • A Consierge support team for billing and account assistance
  • Operations Reviews and tools to monitor health
  • Training and Game Day to drive innovation
  • Tools to monitor costs and performance through Trusted Advisor and Health API/Dashboard
A

Enterprise Support

101
Q

Primary point of contact at AWS

Provide expert engineering guidance, help you design solutions that efficiently integrate AWS services, assist with cost-effective and resilient architectures, and provide direct access to AWS programs and a broad community of experts

A

Technical Account Manager (TAM)

102
Q

A digital catalog that includes thousands of software listings from independent software vendors

A

AWS Marketplace

103
Q

Organizes guidence into six areas of focus called perspectives

A

AWS CAF (AWS Cloud Adoption Framework)

104
Q

Ensures that IT aligns with business needs and that IT investments link to key business results

Ensure that your business strategies and goals align with your IT strategies and goals

A

Business Perspective

105
Q

Supports development of an organization-wide change management strategy for successful cloud adoption

Evalute organizational structures and roles, new skill and process requirements, and identify gaps

A

People Perspective

106
Q

Focuses on the skills and processes to align IT stragety with business strategy

Understand how to update the staff skills and processes necessary to ensure business governance in the cloud

A

Governance Perspective

107
Q

Includes principles and patterns for implementing new solutions on the cloud, and migrating on-premises workloads to the cloud

Use a variety of architectural models to undersrand and communicate the structure of IT systems and their relationships

A

Platform Perspective

108
Q

Ensures that the organization meets security objectives for visibility, auditability, control, and agility

A

Security Perspective

109
Q

Helps you to enable, run, use, operate, and recover IT workloads to the level agreed upon with your business stakeholders

Define how day-to-day, quarter-to-quarter, adn year-to-year business is conducted. Algin with and support the operations of the buisness

A

Operations Perspective

110
Q

Migration Strategies (6)

A

Rehosting
Replatforming
Refactoring/Re-architecting
Repurchasing
Retaining
Retiring

111
Q

Lift-and-shift

A

Rehosting

112
Q

Lift, tinker, and shift
Involves making a few cloud optimizations to realize a tnagible benefit

A

Replatforming

113
Q

Reimagining how an application is architected and developed by using cloud-native features

A

Refactoring/re-architecting

114
Q

Moving from a traditional license to a software-as-a-service model

A

Repurchasing

115
Q

Keeping applicaitons that are critical for the business in the source enviornment

A

Retaining

116
Q

The process of removing applicaitons that are no longer needed

A

Retiring

117
Q

A collection of physicaol devices that help to physically transport up to exabytes of data into and out of AWS

A

AWS Snow Family

118
Q

Small data transfer device featuring 2 CPUs, 4GB of memory, and up to 14TB of usuable storage

A

AWS Snowcone

119
Q

Data migration device featuring:

  • Storage: 80 TB of HDD and 1 TB of STATA SSD
  • Compute: 40 vCPUs and 80 GiB of memory
A

AWS Snowball Sedge Storage Optimized

120
Q

Data migration device featuring:

  • 80 TB of HDD and 28 TB of usuable NVMe SSD
  • Compute: 104 vCPUs, 416 GiB of memory, and an optional NVIDIA Tesla V100 GPU
A

AWS Snowball Edge Compute Optimized

121
Q

An exabyte-scale data transfer service

Up to 100 pertabytes of data in a 45-foot ruggedized shipping container, pulled by a semi trailer truck

A

AWS Snowmobile

122
Q

Enables you to quickly build, train, and adeploy machine learning models

A

Amazon SageMaker

123
Q

A mechine learning learning service that automatically extracts text and data from scanned documents

A

Amazon Textract

124
Q

A service that enables you to build conversational interfaces using voice and text

A

Amazon Lex

125
Q

An autonomous 1/18 scale race car that you can use to test reinforcement learning models

A

AWs DeepRacer

126
Q

AWS Well-Architected Framework (6)

A

Helps you understand how to design and operate reliable, secure, efficient, and cost-effecitive systems in the AWS Cloud

Operational excellence
Security
Reliability
Performance efficiency
Cost optimization
Sustainability

127
Q

Advantages of Cloud Computing (6)

A
  • Trade upfront costs for variable expense
  • Benefit from massive exonomies of scale
  • Stop guessing capacity
  • Increase speed and agility
  • Stop spending money running and maintaining data centers
  • Go global in minutes
128
Q

Automated security assesment service that helps improve the security and compliance of applicaitons deployed on AWS

A

Amazon Macie

129
Q

An automated security assessment service that helps improve the security and compliance of applications deployed on Amazon EC2 instances

A

Amazon Inspector

130
Q

A threat detection service that continuously monitors for malicious activity and unauthorized behavior to protect your AWS accounts and workloads

A

Amazon GuardDuty

131
Q

Helps you protect secrets needed to access your applications, services, and IT resources

A

AWS Secrets Manager

132
Q

Helps users store and manage developers’ source code in AWS

A

AWS CodeCommit

133
Q

A service that manages the movement of code between the individual services

A

AWS CodePipeline

134
Q

A service that helps users to automatically compile source code, run unit tests, and produce software packages that are ready for deployment

A

AWS CodeBuild

135
Q

A managed artifact repository service that stores and shares software that is ready for deployment

A

CodeArtifact

136
Q

A web service that speeds up the distribution of your static and dynamic web content to your users.

This service delivers your content through a worldwide network of data centers known as edge locations

A

CloudFront

137
Q

A natural language processing (NLP) service that uses machine learning to find insights and relationships in text

A

Amazon Comprehend

138
Q

An omnichannel cloud contact center. Amazon Connect helps you provide customer service at a low cost

A

Amazon Connect

139
Q

Creates an encrypted network path between your on-premises network and your AWS Cloud network

A

AWS Site-to-Site VPN

140
Q

A service that uses machine learning to convert audio data to text

A

Amazon Transcribe

141
Q

A machine learning service that converts text to speech. This service provides the ability to read text out loud

A

Amazon Polly

142
Q

A machine learning language translation service

A

Amazon Translate

143
Q

You can use __________ to assess, audit, and evaluate the configurations of your AWS resources

A

AWS Config

144
Q

A managed client-based VPN service that gives you the ability to securely access your AWS resources and the resources in your on-premises network

You can access your resources from any location through an OpenVPN-based VPN client

A

AWS Client VPN

145
Q

A service that helps plan and track application migrations.

A

AWS Migration Hub

146
Q

Can migrate physical servers and any databases or applications that run on them to EC2 instances in AWS

A

AWS MGN (Applicaiton Migration Service)

147
Q

Collects information about the usage and configuration of on-premises servers to help plan a migration to AWS

A

AWS Applicaiton Discovery Service

148
Q

A networking service that improves the performance of your users’ network traffic by up to 60%

A

AWS Global Accelerator

149
Q

Creates and maintains a map of backend services

A

AWS Cloud Map