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INED 411 511 > terms > Flashcards

terms Flashcards

1
Q

Aboriginal Peoples

A

The original inhabitants of a country or terrritory.

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2
Q

Acculturation

A

A process of cultural transformation initiated by contacts between different cultures.

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3
Q

Action Theory

A

As a subject, the individual is seen as exercising agency, voluntarism, giving meaning to objects and events and acting with intent.

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4
Q

Affirmative Action

A

The intent of such policies is to counteract perceived disadvantages experienced by protected groups.

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5
Q

Ageism

A

The assumption that a person’s age should determine their social status.

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6
Q

Alienation

A

Individuals lose control and direction of their social life.

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7
Q

Altruism

A

Social behavior in which individuals give consideration to the interests and welfare of others.

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8
Q

Anti-Semitisim

A

A negative and hostile attitude toward Jews and the Jewish faith.

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9
Q

Apartheid

A

A strict policy of racial segregation.

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10
Q

Assimilation

A

Where an ethnic group forcibly loses distinctiveness and becomes absorbed into a majority culture.

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11
Q

Autocracy

A

Obsolete power and authority in the hands of one person.

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12
Q

Band

A

A designated group of Indigenous individuals.

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12
Q

Capital

A

An accumulation of goods or wealth.

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13
Q

Civil Society

A

It generally refers to the social interactions between individuals.

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13
Q

Class

A

A group of individuals sharing a common situation.

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14
Q

Coercion

A

The use of force or commands to gain obedience.

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14
Q

Colonialism

A

Colonialism is a form of imperialism.

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15
Q

Community

A

A society where peoples relations with each other are direct and personal.

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16
Q

Conservatism

A

Conservatives are strongly associated with the idea of a reduced role for government (privatization, reduced social programs) and promotion of free markerts.

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17
Q

Critical Theory

A

Critical theory attacks social ideas and practices which stand in the way of social justice and human emancipation (the rational organization of society as an association of free people).

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18
Q

Cultural Genocide

A

The process of undermining, suppressing, and ultimately eliminating native cultures.

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19
Q

Culture

A

The shared knowledge and beliefs of members of society.

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20
Q

Democracy

A

A system of government where citizens have equal rights.

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21
Q

Deviance

A

Violations of social norms.

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22
Q

Discrimination

A

Unequal treatment of individuals.

23
Q

Double Standard

A

Accords less freedom and choice to one group than the other.

24
Q

Emigration

A

Migration out of a nation.

25
Q

Ethnic Group

A

Ethnic groups are groups that migrated from a situation to be accepted into the dominant culture.

26
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

The assumption that the culture of one’s own group is superior to all others.

27
Q

Fatalistic Suicide

A

Suicide occurring within social conditions where the individual experiences pervasive oppression.

28
Q

Gender Gap

A

The gap between the political party preferences of men and women.

29
Q

Genocide

A

The systematic killing of an entire ethnic or racial community.

30
Q

Glass Ceiling

A

Invisible barriers that block the promotion of women.

31
Q

Globalization

A

The expansion of the size and power of multinational corporations.

32
Q

Homophobia

A

Uncontrollable fear of homosexuals and homosexuality.

33
Q

Ideology

A

A set of ideas that justify a desired arrangement of power.

34
Q

Immigration

A

The movement of people into a country or territory.

35
Q

Imperialism

A

Domination by a country over others for political and economic objectives.

36
Q

Indigenous Peoples

A

Inhabitants of a land prior to colonization.

37
Q

Liberalism

A

Liberalism upholds free markets, it also places great value on equal of opportunity.

38
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

The God given destiny of the colonies.

39
Q

Multiculturalism

A

A condition of cultural pluralism and the attitudes.

40
Q

Pan-Indianism

A

All Indigenous populations the same.

41
Q

Politics

A

All that relates to the way a society is governed.

42
Q

Power

A

Individuals or institutions that achieve goals even if opposed by others.

43
Q

Prejudice

A

Attitudinal component of discrimination.

44
Q

Queer Culture

A

Identifies gay and lesbian culture or studies.

45
Q

Race

A

Groups of people that did not migrate to America of their free will.

46
Q

Religiosity

A

The degree to which one believes in and is involved in religion.

47
Q

Religious Right People

A

Believe in a free market economy and small government and socially conservative views: fundamentalist religions, against abortion, intolerant of homosexuality, non-supportive of single parent mothers, propose censorship of children’s reading material, recommend reducing rights of criminal offenders, etc.

48
Q

Religious Left

A

The most common religious viewpoint that might be described as “left-wing” is social justice, or care for impoverished and oppressed groups. Supporters of this might encouraged universal health care, welfare provisions, subsidized education, foreign aid, and affirmative action for improving the conditions of the disadvantaged. Stemming from egalitarian values, adherents of the Christian left consider it part of their religious duty to take actions on behalf of the oppressed. As nearly all major religions contain some kind of requirement to help others, social justice has been cited by various religions as a movement that is in line with their faith.

49
Q

Sexism

A

Actions or attitudes that discriminate against people based solely on their gender.

50
Q

Socialism

A

Equality within a society that is not dependent upon the exploitation of one group by another.

51
Q

Society

A

A community sharing a common culture and common activities.

52
Q

Sovereignty

A

The authority possessed by the governing individual or institution of society.

53
Q

Stereotype

A

A social construction which may have some basis in reality.

54
Q

Third World

A

Third world countries were those large political communities in the initial stages of development.

55
Q

Tribalism

A

Indigenes beliefs often referred to as tribal.

56
Q

Underclass

A

A group that is not in a regular economic or social relationship with the rest of the community.

57
Q

Values

A

Prescriptions of what is right, moral, and desirable.

57
Q

Xenophobia

A

An individual’s irrational and obsessive hatred of people perceived as different and foreign.

57
Q

Working Class

A

Synonymous with blue-collar workers.

INED 411 511 (1 decks)

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