Terms

Question 1

Land with tree crown cover (or equivalent stocking level) of more than 10 percent and area of more than 0.5 hectare (ha). The trees should be able to reach a minimum height of 5 meters (m) at maturity in situ.

Answer 1

Forest

Question 2

forests composed mainly of indigenous trees not deliberately planted.

Answer 2

NATURAL FORESTS

Question 3

forest stands established by planting or seeding, or both, in the process of afforestation or reforestation.

Answer 3

PLANTATIONS

Question 4

locally”, “on site”, “on the premises”, or “in place”

Answer 4

IN SITU

Question 5

the mass of lands of the public domain which has not been the subject of the present system of classification for the determination of which lands are needed for forest purposes

Answer 5

Public forest

Question 6

came from the Latin verb “gubernare,” or more originally from the Greek word “kubernaein,” which means “to steer.”(guide, push).

Answer 6

GOVERNANCE

Question 7

refers to the manner of steering or governing, or of directing and controlling, a group of people or a state.

Answer 7

GOVERNANCE

Question 8

related to politics because it talks about governments, institutions, power, order, and the ideals of justice, governance also deals with the public sector, power structures, equity, and ideals of public administration.

Answer 8

 Governance

Question 9

the way in which public and private actors, including formal and informal institutions, smallholder and indigenous organizations, enterprises, civil-society organizations and other stakeholders negotiate, make and enforce binding decisions about the management, use and conservation of forest resources.

Answer 9

FOREST GOVERNANCE

Question 10

a system of rules and institutions that provides the basis for societies to make decisions and take action on forest resources’ utilization, rehabilitation, management and protection

Answer 10

FOREST GOVERNANCE

Question 11

a set of guidelines or rules that determine a course of action.

Answer 11

POLICY

Question 12

 The general principles by which a government is guided in its management of public affairs, or the legislature in its measures.

Answer 12

POLICY

Question 13

drafted and created by an organization to help the members achieve their goals.

Answer 13

POLICY

Question 14

It constitute the highest level of behavioral control, aimed at increasing quality standards within an organization, address and lower issues such as gender and race/ethnicity conflicts, as well as contribute to a generally better work environment and professionality.

Answer 14

Policies

Question 15

a sort of a guidepost, which defines an intent to achieve an objective based on a set of procedures.

Answer 15

Policy

Question 16

a purposeful course of action, or inaction, undertaken by an individual or an organization that is dealing with a concern regarding the use of forest resources (Cubbage et al.)

Answer 16

FOREST POLICY

Question 17

Sometimes referred to as a forest strategy – is a long-term vision for the forest sector comprising a set of aspirations, goals and objectives and an outline of a course of action for pursuing those.

Answer 17

FOREST POLICY

Question 18

a negotiated agreement between government and stakeholders on the orientations and principles of actions they adopt, in harmony with national socioeconomic and environmental policies, to guide and determine decisions on the sustainable use and conservation of forest and tree resources for the benefit of society.”

Answer 18

FOREST POLICY

Question 19

a policy written into legal language and passed by our legislative branch ( congress and senate) through bill process (house bill and senate bill) signed into law (or not effectively vetoed) by the executive branch

Answer 19

LAW

Question 20

A court decision serving as a precedent for subsequent cases.

Answer 20

RULE

Question 21

collection of written laws gathered together, usually covering specific subject matter.

Answer 21

CODE

Question 22

are rules made by a government or other authority in order to control the way something is done or the way people behave.

Answer 22

REGULATIONS

Question 23

the act of governing or ruling. It is the set of rules and laws framed by the government that are to be implemented through the representatives of the state.

Answer 23

GOVERNANCE

Question 24

a process, structure and information used for directing and overseeing the
management of an organization.

Answer 24

GOVERNANCE

Question 25

a group of people who rule or run the administration of a country.

Answer 25

GOVERNMENT

Question 26

the system by which a state or community is governed.

Answer 26

GOVERNMENT

Question 27

Characteristics of a good governance

Answer 27

1. Participation
2. Responsiveness
3. Accountability
4. Consensus orientation
5. Transparency
6. Equitable rule of law
7. Effectiveness and efficiency

Question 28

All people — including marginalized groups, ethnic minorities, indigenous people, women, and the poor — deserve a say in decisions that affect their lives.

Answer 28

Participation

Question 29

the quality of being responsive; reacting quickly; as a quality of people, it involves responding with emotion to people and events.

Answer 29

Responsiveness

Question 30

Many people associate governance with power, but responsibilities are an equally important component of forest governance. Ensuring that decision makers and implementers must answer for their actions can reduce abuses of power.

Answer 30

Accountability

Question 31

It is used to describe both the decision and the process of reaching a decision.

Answer 31

Consensus Orientation

Question 32

When people have access to clear and complete information, it is more difficult for powerful players to use bribery and other forms of corruption to gain access to resources.

Answer 32

Transparency

Question 33

Fair treatment in both protection and punishment can help resolve and prevent forest conflict. Laws must be enforced with check and balance mechanisms.

Answer 33

Equitable rule of law

Question 34

to doing things in a right manner.

Answer 34

Efficiency

Question 35

the output to input ratio and focuses on getting the maximum output with minimum resources.

Answer 35

Efficiency

Question 36

doing the right things

Answer 36

Effectiveness

Question 37

______ focuses on the process or ‘means’ whereas _________ focuses on the end.

Answer 37

Efficiency , Effectiveness

Question 38

____ is restricted to the present state whereas _______ involves thinking long term.

Answer 38

Efficiency , Effectiveness

Question 39

THREE FORMS OF FOREST GOVERNANCE

Answer 39

1. Decentralization
2. Participation
3. Marketization

Question 40

involvement of local government units in forest management ex. Community Based Forestry Management (CBFM), ISF,NGP, etc.

Answer 40

Participation

Question 41

This entails market-based mechanisms for independent labelling and monitoring that are meant to guarantee to both consumers and producers that timber products originate from sustainably managed forests.

Answer 41

Marketization

Question 42

the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those regarding planning and decision making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group.

Answer 42

Decentralization