Terms Flashcards
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Heritability
A measure of how important genetics are to determining a trait
Phenotypic plasticity
When the exact same genotype produces different phenotypes under different environments
Quantitive trait
A measurable phenotype emerging from genetic and environmental factors
Qualitive trait
District trait, you have it or you don’t
Sexual dimorphism
traits are classified as this if they vary between biological sexes in a species
Evolution
the proportion of heritable traits change within populations from one generation to the next
natural selection
the process where organisms better adapted to their environments tend to survive and produce more offspring
Genetic drift
variation in the frequency of a different genotypes in a small population (RANDOM CHANCE)
Gene flow
the transfer of genetic material form one population to another
Fitness
is a measure of how many surviving offspring an organism produces
Directional selection
distribution of a trait moves in a single direction
Stabilizing selection
genetic variants that lead to extremes becoming less common - favors the average
Disruptive selection
Genetic variation that leads to average’s becoming less common - favors the extremes
Homoplasy
occurs when 2 or more taxa independently evolve the same traits
Homology
occurs when 2 or more taxa share the same trait because they both inherited it from a shared ancestor
