Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Acidosis

A

The buildup of excess acid in the blood or body tissues that can result from a primary illness

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2
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

A metabolic disorder in which the ability to metabolize carbohydrates (sugars) is impaired, usually because of a lack of insulin

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3
Q

Diabetic keto acidosis DKA

A

A form of hyperglycemia in uncontrolled diabetes in which certain acids accumulate with insulin is not available

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4
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Glands that secrete or release chemicals that are used inside the body

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5
Q

Endocrine system

A

The complex message and control system that integrates many body functions, including the release of hormones

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6
Q

Glucose

A

One of the basic sugars; it is the primary fuel in conjunction with oxygen for cellular metabolism

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7
Q

Hematology

A

The study and prevention of blood related disorders

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8
Q

Hemophilia

A

A hereditary condition in which the patient lacks one or more of the blood normal clotting factors

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9
Q

Hormones

A

Substances formed in specialized organs or glands, and carried to another organ or group of cells in the same organism. They regulate many body functions and clean, metabolism, growth, and body temperature.

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10
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

And abnormally high blood glucose level

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11
Q

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic syndrome HHNS

A

A life-threatening condition, resulting from high blood glucose that typically occurs in older adults which cause his altered mental status, dehydration and organ damage

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12
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

An abnormally low blood glucose level

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13
Q

Insulin

A

A hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans (endocrine gland, located throughout the pancreas) that enables glucose in the blood to enter cells, used in synthetic form to treat and control diabetes mellitus

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14
Q

Kussmaul respirations

A

Deep, rapid breathing, usually result of an accumulation of certain acids when insulin is not available in the body

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15
Q

Polydipsia

A

Excessive thirst that persist for long periods, despite reasonable fluid intake often the result of excessive urination

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16
Q

Polyphagia

A

Excessive eating; in diabetes the inability to use glucose properly can cause a sense of hunger

17
Q

Polyuria

A

The passage of an unusually large volume of urine in a given period; in diabetes, this can result from the wasting of glucose in the urine

18
Q

Sickle cell disease

A

A hereditary disease that causes normal round red blood cells to become oblong or sickle shaped

19
Q

Symptomatic hyperglycemia

A

The state of unconsciousness resulting from several problems, including ketoacidosis, dehydration because of excessive urination, and hyperglycemia

20
Q

Symptomatic hypoglycemia

A

Severe hypoglycemia, resulting and changes in mental status

21
Q

Thrombophilia

A

A tendency toward the development of blood clots as a result of an abnormality of the system of coagulation

22
Q

Thrombosis

A

A blood clot, either in the arterial or venous system

23
Q

Type 1 diabetes

A

An auto immune disorder in which the individuals immune system produces antibodies to the pancreatic beta cells, and therefore the pancreas cannot produce insulin; onset in early children is common

24
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

A condition in which insulin resistance develops in response to increased blood glucose levels can be managed by exercise and diet modification, but is often managed by medications

25
Q

Vasoocclusive crisis

A

Ischemia and pain caused bicycle shaped red blood cells that obstruct blood flow to a portion of the body