Terms

Question 1

Acute coronary syndrome ACS

Answer 1

A group of symptoms caused by myocardial ischemia; includes angina and myocardial infarction

Question 2

Acute myocardial infarction AMI

Answer 2

A heart attack; death of heart muscle following obstruction of blood flow to it. “Acute” in this context means “new” or “happening right now”

Question 3

Angina pectoris

Answer 3

Transient (short-lived) chest discomfort caused by prep partial or temporary blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle; also called angina

Question 4

Aorta

Answer 4

The main artery which receives blood from the left ventricle, and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body

Question 5

Aortic aneurysm

Answer 5

A weakness in the wall of the aorta that makes it susceptible to rupture

Question 6

Aortic valve

Answer 6

The one-way valve that lies between the left ventricle and the aorta and keeps blood from flowing back into the left ventricle after the left ventricle eject its blood into the aorta; one of the four heart valves

Question 7

Artifact

Answer 7

A tracing on an ECG that is the result of interference, such as patient movement rather than the hearts electrical activity

Question 8

Asystole

Answer 8

The complete absence of all heart electro activity

Question 9

Atherosclerosis

Answer 9

A disorder in which cholesterol calcium buildup inside the walls of blood vessels; eventually leading to partial or complete blockage of blood flow

Question 10

Atrium

Answer 10

One of the two upper chambers of the heart

Question 11

Automaticity

Answer 11

The ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract without stimulation from the nervous system

Question 12

Autonomic nervous system ANS

Answer 12

The part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary activities of the brain, such as heart rate, blood pressure and digestion of food

Question 13

Bradycardia

Answer 13

Is low heart rate less than 60 beats per minute

Question 14

Cardiac arrest

Answer 14

When the heart feels to generate effective and detectable blood flow, pulses are not palpable in the cardiac arrest, even if muscular an electrical activity continues in the heart

Question 15

Cardiac output

Answer 15

A measure of the volume of blood, circulated by the heart in 1 minute, calculated by multiplying the stroke, volume by the heart rate

Question 16

Cardiogenic shock

Answer 16

The state in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large, acute myocardial infarction, as well as other conditions.

Question 17

Coronary arteries

Answer 17

The blood vessels that carry blood and nutrients to the heart muscle

Question 18

Defibrillate

Answer 18

To shock a fibrillating (chaotically shaking) heart with specialized electric current in attempt to store a normal rhythm

Question 19

Dependent edema

Answer 19

Swelling in the part of the brain, closest to the ground, caused by collection and fluid in the tissues and possible sign of congestive heart failure

Question 20

Dilation

Answer 20

Whiting of a tubular structure such as the coronary artery

Question 21

Dissecting aneurysm

Answer 21

A condition in which the inner layers of an artery, such as the aorta become separated, allowing blood (at high pressures) to flow between the layers

Question 22

Dysrhythmia

Answer 22

And a regular or abnormal heart rhythm

Question 23

Hypertensive emergency

Answer 23

Emergency situation created by excessively high blood pressure, which can lead to serious complications, such as stroke or aneurysm

Question 24

Infarction

Answer 24

Death of a body tissue usually caused by interruption of its blood supply

Question 25

Ischemia

Answer 25

A lack of oxygen that depresses tissues of necessary, nutrients resulting from partial or complete blockage of blood flow in potentially reversible, because permanent injury has not yet occurred

Question 26

Lumen

Answer 26

The inside diameter of an artery, or other hollow structure

Question 27

Occlusion

Answer 27

A blockage usually of a tubular structure, such as a blood vessel

Question 28

Parasympathetic nervous system PNS

Answer 28

The part of the autonomic nervous system, that controls vegetative function, such as digestiation of food and relaxation

Question 29

Perfusion

Answer 29

The circulation of oxygenated blood within an organ or tissue and adequate amounts to meet the cells current needs

Question 30

Return of spontaneous circulation ROSC

Answer 30

The return of a pulse and effective blood flow to the body and a patient who previously was in cardiac arrest

Question 31

Stroke volume

Answer 31

The volume of blood ejected with each ventricular contraction

Question 32

Thromboembolism

Answer 32

A blood clot that is formed with a blood vessel, and it’s floating within the bloodstream

Question 33

Ventricle

Answer 33

One of the two lower chambers of the heart

Question 34

Ventricular fibrillation

Answer 34

Disorganized and effective quivering of the ventricles, resulting in no blood flow and state of cardiac arrest

Question 35

Ventricular tachycardia

Answer 35

A rapid heart rhythm in which the electoral impulse begins in the ventricle (inside of the atria) which may result in an adequate blood flow, and eventually deteriorate into cardiac muscle