Terms

Question 1

machiavellian

Answer 1

the belief that a ruler can do whatever is neccessary to stay in power

Question 2

a priori

Answer 2

based on innate knowledge (deduction)

Question 3

communitarianism

Answer 3

focuses on right of collective group (majority) over individual rights

Question 4

MI (multiple intelligence)

Answer 4

H Gardner’s theory of types of ‘smarts’
-linguistics
-logical/mathematical
-musical
-bodily/kinesthetic
-spacial/visual
-interpersonal
-intrapersonal
-natualist
-spiritual

Question 5

social contract

Answer 5

giving up some freedoms for social harmony

Question 6

knowledge AS power

Answer 6

education about control of what is taught by those withe power to determine what is worth knowing

Question 7

cogito ergo sum

Answer 7

Rene Descartes’ first principle “I think therefore i am”

Question 8

tabula rasa

Answer 8

“blank slate” locke’s idea that a mind is blank and experinces fill the mind

Question 9

pragmatism

Answer 9

the value of knowledge is based on how useful it is in a given situation (not pre-set criteria)

Question 10

skepticism

Answer 10

theory that certain knowledge is impossible

Question 11

metaphyics

Answer 11

beyond the physical reality

Question 12

deduction

Answer 12

conclusions reached by reason

Question 13

rationalism

Answer 13

belief that reason is a source of knowledge itslef (not from senses)

Question 14

empiricism

Answer 14

belief that knowledge coems form sense and experiences

Question 15

ad hominen

Answer 15

logical fallacy “attack on the person”

Question 16

ontology

Answer 16

the study of the nature of being and reality

Question 17

naturalistic
grounding

Answer 17

using natural world as a guide ofor human action (animals etc.)

Question 18

virtue ethics

Answer 18

moral character should be the driving force for ethical behavior