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EMT 12 Principles Of Pharmacology > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacology

A

Science of drugs, including their ingredients, preparation, uses in actions on the body

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2
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

The process by which a medication works on the body

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3
Q

Medication

A

A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain

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4
Q

Agonist

A

Medication that causes stimulation of receptors

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5
Q

Antagonist

A

Medication that binds to a receptor and blocks of medication or chemicals from attaching

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6
Q

Dose

A

The amount of medication that is given

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7
Q

Action

A

The intended therapeutic effect that a medication is expected to have on the body

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8
Q

Therapeutic effect

A

The desired or intended effect

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9
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

Actions of the body upon the medication or chemical
Onset of action
Duration
Elimination
Peak

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10
Q

Indicators

A

The reason their conditions for which a particular medicine is given

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11
Q

Contraindications

A

Could possibly harm the patient or have no possible effect on the patient’s condition

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12
Q

Absolute contraindication

A

Medication should never be given if the contraindication is present

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13
Q

Relative contraindication

A

The benefits of administering the drug may outweigh the risks

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14
Q

Adverse effects

A

Any actions of a medication other than the desired ones

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15
Q

Unintended effects

A

Undesirable proposed little risk to the patient

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16
Q

Untoward effects

A

Can be harmful to the patient

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17
Q

Generic name

A

Simple, clear, non-proprietary name
(ibuprofen)

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18
Q

Trade name

A

Brand name that a manufacturer gives to medication
(Tylenol)

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19
Q

Enternal medication

A

Enter the body through the digestive system
Sublingual SL
Per rectum PR
By mouth PO

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20
Q

Parenteral medications

A

Enter the body by a route other than the digestive track, the skin, or the mucous membranes
Intravenous IV, Intraosseous IO, Inhalation
Intranasal IN, Intramuscular IM, Subcutaneous, Transcutaneous

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21
Q

Absorption

A

The process by which medication travel to the body tissues, until they reach the bloodstream

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22
Q

Mucosal atomizer device MAD

A

In the intranasal route of medication administration, a liquid medication is pushed through this device. The liquid medication is aerosolized.

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23
Q

Capsules

A

Gelatin shells filled with powdered or liquid medication

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24
Q

Tablets

A

Often contain other materials that are mixed with the medication

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25
Solution
Liquid mixture of one or more substances that cannot be separated by filtering, or allowing the mixture to stand
26
Suspension
Find particles or substances that do not dissolve well in liquids
27
Metered dose inhaler MDI
A miniature spray canister used to direct substances through the mouth and into the lungs
28
Topical medications
Lotions, creams and ointment applied to the surface of the skin and effect only that area
29
Transcutaneous medication’s
Transdermal medication’s are designed the absorbed through the skin or transcutaneous
30
Gels
Semi liquid substances administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes
31
The nine “rights” of medication administration
Right patient Right medication and indication Right dose Right route Right time Right education Right to refuse Right response and evaluation Right documentation
32
Peer assisted medication
You are administering medication to yourself for your partner
33
Patient assisted medication
You are assisting the patient with the administration of his or her own medication
34
EMT administered medication
Directly administering the medication to the patient
35
Hypoglycemia
Extremely low blood glucose level
36
Anti-platelet medication
Decrease the ability of blood platelets to aggregate (stick together)
37
Medication error
Inappropriate use of a medication that could lead patient harm
38
Aspirin route
By mouth
39
Albuterol/Atrovent route
Inhalation
40
Epinephrine route
Intramuscular
41
Naloxone route
Intramuscular, intranasal
42
Nitroglycerin route
Sublingual tablet or spray
43
Oral glucose route
By mouth
44
Oxygen route
Inhalation
45
Aspirin action
Anti-inflammatory agent, and anti-fever agent; prevents platelets from clumping, thereby decreasing formation of new clots
46
Albuterol/Atrovent action
Stimulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation
47
Epinephrine action
Stimulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation
48
Naloxone action
Reserves respiratory depression secondary to opioid overdose
49
Nitroglycerin action
Dilates blood vessels
50
Oral glucose action
When absorbed provides glucose for cell use
51
Oxygen action
Reverse hypoxia; provides oxygen to be absorbed by lungs
52
Aspirin indications
Relief of mild pain, headache, muscle aches, fever; chest pain of cardiac origin
53
Albuterol/Atrovent indications
Asthma/difficulty breathing with wheezing
54
Epinephrine indications
Anaphylactic reaction
55
Naloxone indications
Opioid poisoning
56
Nitroglycerin indications
Chest pain of cardiac origin
57
Oral glucose indications
Low blood glucose (hypoglycemia)
58
Oxygen indications
Hypoxia or suspected hypoxia
59
Aspirin contraindications
Hypersensitivity; recent bleeding
60
Albuterol/Atrovent contraindications
Hypersensitivity; tachycardia (relative); chest pain of cardiac origin
61
Epinephrine contraindications
Chest pain of cardiac origin; hypothermia; hypertension
62
Naloxone contraindications
Hypersensitivity
63
Nitroglycerin contraindications
Hypotension; use of sildenafil (Viagra) or another treatment for erectile dysfunction within the previous 24 hours; head injury
64
Oral glucose contraindications
Decreased level of conscious; nausea; vomiting
65
Oxygen contraindications
Very rarely used in patients with COPD; do not use near open flames as oxygen will support combustion
66
Aspirin adverse effects
Nausea, vomiting stomach pain, bleeding allergic reactions
67
Albuterol/Atrovent adverse effects
Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness
68
Epinephrine adverse effects
Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness
69
Naloxone adverse effects
Nausea, vomiting
70
Nitroglycerin adverse effects
Headache, burning under tongue, hypotension, nausea
71
Oral glucose adverse effects
Nausea, vomiting
72
Oxygen adverse effects
Decreased respiratory effort in rare cases in patients with COPD
73
Aspirin interactions
Caution should be used in patients who are taking anticoagulants
74
Albuterol/Atrovent interactions
Increases effects of other nervous system stimulants
75
Epinephrine interactions
Increases effects of other nervous system stimulants
76
Naloxone interactions
Additional doses may be required for severe opioid overdoses
77
Nitroglycerin interactions
Increases dilating effects of other blood vessels-dilating medications
78
Oral glucose interactions
None
79
Oxygen interactions
Can support combustion
80
Aspirin adult dose
160 to 325 mg
81
Albuterol/Atrovent adult dose
One to two inhalations; wait five minutes for repeating dose
82
Epinephrine adult dose
0.3 mg for adult 0.15 mg for children
83
Naloxone adult dose
2 mg intranasal or intramuscular auto injector
84
Oral glucose adult dose
Half to one tube
85
Oxygen adult dose
Use oxygen delivery devices to administer 28% to 100% oxygen
86
Aspirin administration concerns
Do not administer for pain, caused by trauma, or for fevers in children; patient with chest pain must be able to chew tablets
87
Albuterol/Atrovent administration concerns
Patient must inhale all medication in one breath; coach patient to hold breath for 5 seconds after inhalation
88
Epinephrine administration concerns
Medication will last approximately five minutes; do not repeat dose ensure ALS is in route for continuing treatment.
89
Naloxone administration concerns
Patient may wake up combative
90
Nitroglycerin administration concerns
Ensure ALS is in route
91
Oral glucose administration concerns
Patient must be awake, have control of airway and be able to follow commands
92
Oxygen administration concerns
No open flames nearby. d not withhold oxygen from patients and respiratory stress.

EMT 12 Principles Of Pharmacology (1 decks)

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