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EMT 12 Principles Of Pharmacology > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Pharmacology

A

Science of drugs, including their ingredients, preparation, uses in actions on the body

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2
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

The process by which a medication works on the body

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3
Q

Medication

A

A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain

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4
Q

Agonist

A

Medication that causes stimulation of receptors

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5
Q

Antagonist

A

Medication that binds to a receptor and blocks of medication or chemicals from attaching

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6
Q

Dose

A

The amount of medication that is given

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7
Q

Action

A

The intended therapeutic effect that a medication is expected to have on the body

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8
Q

Therapeutic effect

A

The desired or intended effect

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9
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

Actions of the body upon the medication or chemical
Onset of action
Duration
Elimination
Peak

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10
Q

Indicators

A

The reason their conditions for which a particular medicine is given

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11
Q

Contraindications

A

Could possibly harm the patient or have no possible effect on the patient’s condition

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12
Q

Absolute contraindication

A

Medication should never be given if the contraindication is present

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13
Q

Relative contraindication

A

The benefits of administering the drug may outweigh the risks

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14
Q

Adverse effects

A

Any actions of a medication other than the desired ones

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15
Q

Unintended effects

A

Undesirable proposed little risk to the patient

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16
Q

Untoward effects

A

Can be harmful to the patient

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17
Q

Generic name

A

Simple, clear, non-proprietary name
(ibuprofen)

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18
Q

Trade name

A

Brand name that a manufacturer gives to medication
(Tylenol)

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19
Q

Enternal medication

A

Enter the body through the digestive system
Sublingual SL
Per rectum PR
By mouth PO

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20
Q

Parenteral medications

A

Enter the body by a route other than the digestive track, the skin, or the mucous membranes
Intravenous IV, Intraosseous IO, Inhalation
Intranasal IN, Intramuscular IM, Subcutaneous, Transcutaneous

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21
Q

Absorption

A

The process by which medication travel to the body tissues, until they reach the bloodstream

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22
Q

Mucosal atomizer device MAD

A

In the intranasal route of medication administration, a liquid medication is pushed through this device. The liquid medication is aerosolized.

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23
Q

Capsules

A

Gelatin shells filled with powdered or liquid medication

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24
Q

Tablets

A

Often contain other materials that are mixed with the medication

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25
Q

Solution

A

Liquid mixture of one or more substances that cannot be separated by filtering, or allowing the mixture to stand

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26
Q

Suspension

A

Find particles or substances that do not dissolve well in liquids

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27
Q

Metered dose inhaler MDI

A

A miniature spray canister used to direct substances through the mouth and into the lungs

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28
Q

Topical medications

A

Lotions, creams and ointment applied to the surface of the skin and effect only that area

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29
Q

Transcutaneous medication’s

A

Transdermal medication’s are designed the absorbed through the skin or transcutaneous

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30
Q

Gels

A

Semi liquid substances administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes

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31
Q

The nine “rights” of medication administration

A

Right patient
Right medication and indication
Right dose
Right route
Right time
Right education
Right to refuse
Right response and evaluation
Right documentation

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32
Q

Peer assisted medication

A

You are administering medication to yourself for your partner

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33
Q

Patient assisted medication

A

You are assisting the patient with the administration of his or her own medication

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34
Q

EMT administered medication

A

Directly administering the medication to the patient

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35
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Extremely low blood glucose level

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36
Q

Anti-platelet medication

A

Decrease the ability of blood platelets to aggregate (stick together)

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37
Q

Medication error

A

Inappropriate use of a medication that could lead patient harm

38
Q

Aspirin route

A

By mouth

39
Q

Albuterol/Atrovent route

A

Inhalation

40
Q

Epinephrine route

A

Intramuscular

41
Q

Naloxone route

A

Intramuscular, intranasal

42
Q

Nitroglycerin route

A

Sublingual tablet or spray

43
Q

Oral glucose route

A

By mouth

44
Q

Oxygen route

A

Inhalation

45
Q

Aspirin action

A

Anti-inflammatory agent, and anti-fever agent; prevents platelets from clumping, thereby decreasing formation of new clots

46
Q

Albuterol/Atrovent action

A

Stimulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation

47
Q

Epinephrine action

A

Stimulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation

48
Q

Naloxone action

A

Reserves respiratory depression secondary to opioid overdose

49
Q

Nitroglycerin action

A

Dilates blood vessels

50
Q

Oral glucose action

A

When absorbed provides glucose for cell use

51
Q

Oxygen action

A

Reverse hypoxia; provides oxygen to be absorbed by lungs

52
Q

Aspirin indications

A

Relief of mild pain, headache, muscle aches, fever; chest pain of cardiac origin

53
Q

Albuterol/Atrovent indications

A

Asthma/difficulty breathing with wheezing

54
Q

Epinephrine indications

A

Anaphylactic reaction

55
Q

Naloxone indications

A

Opioid poisoning

56
Q

Nitroglycerin indications

A

Chest pain of cardiac origin

57
Q

Oral glucose indications

A

Low blood glucose (hypoglycemia)

58
Q

Oxygen indications

A

Hypoxia or suspected hypoxia

59
Q

Aspirin contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity; recent bleeding

60
Q

Albuterol/Atrovent contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity; tachycardia (relative); chest pain of cardiac origin

61
Q

Epinephrine contraindications

A

Chest pain of cardiac origin; hypothermia; hypertension

62
Q

Naloxone contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity

63
Q

Nitroglycerin contraindications

A

Hypotension; use of sildenafil (Viagra) or another treatment for erectile dysfunction within the previous 24 hours; head injury

64
Q

Oral glucose contraindications

A

Decreased level of conscious; nausea; vomiting

65
Q

Oxygen contraindications

A

Very rarely used in patients with COPD; do not use near open flames as oxygen will support combustion

66
Q

Aspirin adverse effects

A

Nausea, vomiting stomach pain, bleeding allergic reactions

67
Q

Albuterol/Atrovent adverse effects

A

Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness

68
Q

Epinephrine adverse effects

A

Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness

69
Q

Naloxone adverse effects

A

Nausea, vomiting

70
Q

Nitroglycerin adverse effects

A

Headache, burning under tongue, hypotension, nausea

71
Q

Oral glucose adverse effects

A

Nausea, vomiting

72
Q

Oxygen adverse effects

A

Decreased respiratory effort in rare cases in patients with COPD

73
Q

Aspirin interactions

A

Caution should be used in patients who are taking anticoagulants

74
Q

Albuterol/Atrovent interactions

A

Increases effects of other nervous system stimulants

75
Q

Epinephrine interactions

A

Increases effects of other nervous system stimulants

76
Q

Naloxone interactions

A

Additional doses may be required for severe opioid overdoses

77
Q

Nitroglycerin interactions

A

Increases dilating effects of other blood vessels-dilating medications

78
Q

Oral glucose interactions

A

None

79
Q

Oxygen interactions

A

Can support combustion

80
Q

Aspirin adult dose

A

160 to 325 mg

81
Q

Albuterol/Atrovent adult dose

A

One to two inhalations; wait five minutes for repeating dose

82
Q

Epinephrine adult dose

A

0.3 mg for adult
0.15 mg for children

83
Q

Naloxone adult dose

A

2 mg intranasal or intramuscular auto injector

84
Q

Oral glucose adult dose

A

Half to one tube

85
Q

Oxygen adult dose

A

Use oxygen delivery devices to administer 28% to 100% oxygen

86
Q

Aspirin administration concerns

A

Do not administer for pain, caused by trauma, or for fevers in children; patient with chest pain must be able to chew tablets

87
Q

Albuterol/Atrovent administration concerns

A

Patient must inhale all medication in one breath; coach patient to hold breath for 5 seconds after inhalation

88
Q

Epinephrine administration concerns

A

Medication will last approximately five minutes; do not repeat dose ensure ALS is in route for continuing treatment.

89
Q

Naloxone administration concerns

A

Patient may wake up combative

90
Q

Nitroglycerin administration concerns

A

Ensure ALS is in route

91
Q

Oral glucose administration concerns

A

Patient must be awake, have control of airway and be able to follow commands

92
Q

Oxygen administration concerns

A

No open flames nearby. d not withhold oxygen from patients and respiratory stress.

EMT 12 Principles Of Pharmacology (1 decks)

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