Terms

Question 1

Apnea

Answer 1

Absence of breathing

Question 2

Achalasia

Answer 2

nerves in the esophagus become damaged, cause spasm of lower sphincter (failure to relax smooth muscles)

Question 3

Aphasia

Answer 3

inability to talk

Question 4

Amenorrhea

Answer 4

abnormal absence of menstruation

Question 5

Alopecia

Answer 5

loss of hair from the scalp. May be autoimmune (alopecia areata) or diffuse (typically in aging males)

Question 6

Hematochezia

Answer 6

Fresh rectal blood (hemorrhoids, colon/rectal bleeding)

Question 7

Hypertrophy

Answer 7

increase in size of tissue or organ due to enlargement of individual cells

Question 8

Hyperplasia

Answer 8

increase in size of tissue or organ due to an increased number of cells

Question 9

Hematuria

Answer 9

blood in the urine

Question 10

Hemarthrosis

Answer 10

bleeding in the joint

Question 11

Hypogonadism

Answer 11

puberty does not occur leaving testes in the infantile (undeveloped) state

Question 12

Hemochromatosis

Answer 12

autosomal recessive defect of iron absorption

Question 13

Cryptorchordism

Answer 13

congenital malpositioning of the testes outside their normal scrotal location

Question 14

Testicular torsion

Answer 14

abnormal twisting of spermatic cord as the testis rotates with the tunica vaginalis

Question 15

Necrosis

Answer 15

is exogenous, vital processes are inhibited, multiple cells are affected, cell membrane swells up and ruptures, resulting in phagocytosis by neutrophils

Question 16

Apoptosis

Answer 16

is either exogenous or endogenous, active programmed process, energy dependent, single cell affected, cell membrane in tact, cell is rounded up fragmented, results in phagocytosis by macrophages