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1
Q

how to calculate protons

A

same as atomic number

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2
Q

how to calculate mass number

A

protons + neutrons

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3
Q

how to calculate charge

A

protons- electrons

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4
Q

what are 3 states of matter

A

solid liquid gas

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5
Q

what are elements

A

made up of single type of atom cannot be simplified

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6
Q

what is compounds

A

formed from two or more elements bonded together

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7
Q

what is a mixtures

A

contain two or more substances that are only physically bonded together

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8
Q

what is marcoscopic

A

chemical and physical properties observed by eye

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9
Q

microscopic

A

observed by microscopic level atoms or molecules

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10
Q

symbolic

A

used my chemist

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11
Q

chemical properties

A

undergo substance converted to different substances

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12
Q

physical properties

A

altering physical form or shape without changing composition

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13
Q

what is potential energy

A

stored energy

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14
Q

what is kinetic energy

A

energy of motion

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15
Q

what is thermal energy

A

energy with temp or heat

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16
Q

what is law of conservation of energy

A

energy cant be created or destroyed

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17
Q

what is extensive matter

A

depends upon quantity of matter observed

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18
Q

what is intensive matter

A

doesn’t depend upon quantity of matter observed

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19
Q

what is qualitative

A

thing we can see, hear, smell or feel

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20
Q

what is quantitative observations

A

numerical data in experiment

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21
Q

what is accuracy

A

how close a measurement is to true value

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22
Q

what is precision

A

how close a group of measurements are close to each other

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23
Q

what is random error

A

measurement has equal probability of being high or lower than true value and is inconsistent

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24
Q

what is systematic error

A

error occurs in same direction each time always high and low occurs consistently

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25
what is exact numbers
has infinite sig figs
26
what is uncertain numbers
is a guess or estimate, had decimals
27
what are the 3 chemical laws
law of conservation law of definite proportions law of multiple proportions
28
what is daltons atomic theory
-element made of atoms -atoms of elements can’t be converted into atoms if another -atoms of element are same in mass - atoms combine in simple whole numbers ratio to from compounds
29
what is law of conservation of mass
mass of substance after chemical reaction is same as total mass of substance
30
what is law of multiple proportions
two element combine to form two different compounds
31
what are subatomic particles
protons, electrons, neutrons
32
what is nuclear structure of atom
complex arrangement of negative charged electrons arranged in shells around posture charged nucleus
33
what is atomic mass
average isotopic mass weighted to natural abundance of the element
34
what is atomic number
number of protons in nucleus of an atom
35
what is isotope
atoms that have same atomic number but different mass number
36
how is modern periodic table constructed
consists of element boxes and properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic number
37
what is group in periodic table
vertical columns in the table
38
what is a period in periodic table
horizontal rows in periodic table
39
what is group 1 in periodic table
alkali metals
40
what is group 2 in periodic table
alkaline earth metals
41
what is group 17 in periodic table
halogens
42
what is group 18 in periodic table
noble gases
43
how to identify metals
shiny, conduct heat and electricity, located in middle of table
44
how to identify nonmetals
dull, brittle not good conductor, located on right side
45
how to identify metalloids
have properties between metal and nonmetals, located on staircase on table
46
what are ionic compounds
metal and nonmetal react
47
what are covalent compounds
formed by two nonmetals
48
what is empirical formula
simplest type and shows atom present and their relative number CH20
49
what is molecular formula
shows actual number of atoms present C3H402
50
what is structural formula
shows order in which atoms are bonded c-o-o-h
51
what are inorganic compounds
compounds contain element other than carbon or hydrogen
52
what are polytomic ions
normally anions and end in ide
53
what are oxyanions
end in ite if fewer O atoms or ate if more
54
what are oxyacids
acids with anions that don’t contain oxygen
55
what is a chemical reaction
where products are converted to reactants
56
what are products of combustion
CO2 and H2O
57
what is stoichmetry
measure of elements using mole ratio
58
actual yield
quantity of product found to be formed in chemical reactions
59
theoretical yield
max amount of product produced by chemical reactions depending on amount of reactant present
60
limit reacting
reactant that is consumed first in chemical reaction and limits how much products can form
61
what is simultaneous reaction
two or more reactions occurring at same time in same system
62
what is consecutive reaction
serval steps of reaction which the product first step will be reactant of next step
63
what is overall reactions
one or more reactant converted to different products
64
what is side reaction
when substance are reacting and a additional compound is formed
65
what is by product
what is produced from a desired reaction
66
what is a intermediate
formed in an early step but consumed in later step
67
what are electrolytes
substances when dissolved in water and ionize
68
what is strong electrolytes
ionize completely and conduct’s electricity
69
what is weak electrolytes
ionize only partially and conducts electricity partially
70
what is precipitation
a solid forming in a reaction
71
what is acid base reaction
exchange of hydrogen ions
72
what is redox reactions
transfer of electrons
73
what do acids do
proton donors
74
what do bases do
proton acceptors
75
what is oxidation state
number of electrons an atom loses or gains and is based on the charge of ion
76
what is titration
slow addition of known conc to known volume of solution with unknown conc to reach neutralization
77
what is gravimetric analysis
determining quantity of an analyte based on mass of solid
78
what is never a solid in a precipitation reaction
NO
79
if a reaction is soluble, will precipitation occur 
no precipitation will not and no solid
80
if a reaction is insoluble a reaction will
precipitate out and form a solid
81
what does oxidation do
loses electrons goes smaller go bigger
82
what does reduction do
gains electrons and goes bigger ti smaller

Chem 120 (3 decks)

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