Terms Flashcards
The harbor entrance should, if possible, be located on _____of the harbor.
lee side
A every long standing wave on a large but limited body of water generally occurring when a storm dies down after producing a wind tide is called:
Seiche
Waves generated by storms, which occur outside area of observation.
Swells
An instrument use to measure the intensity of wind
Beuforts scale
A wave generated in deep water, when reaching
shoaling waters, changes not only in its height but also in its length but the period will ____
Remain constant
An open water navigable depth is called:
Fairway
Waves are formed by frictional drag of wind across the water surface. This is a process of transferring energy from wind to water. Water particles are moved from their position by the wind, and then returned to the original position by gravity, which is restoring force. These waves
are called:
Gravity waves
The pressure against a vertical wall due to waves called:
Clapotis
A change in the dissection of travel of the wave with change in depth of water which distributes wave energy
along the seashore unevenly is called:
Wave refraction
Waves generated by wind that are acting on the sea surface bordering on the port site.
Wind waves
Wind generated waves which are created in the deep ocean at some distance from the port site and the wind what created them may too distant to be felt in the port or
may have stopped blowing or changed, its direction by time
when wave reach the port.
Swell waves
Waves of this type have very long periods, typically from 30 sec. up to the tidal period of 12 hr. 25 min. and are mostly found in enclosed or semi-enclosed basins such as
artificial port basins or bays.
Seiching waves
Waves created by large, sudden impacts, such as earthquakes, volcanoes or landslide that ends up in the ocean.
Tsunamis
Waves in which the ratio of water depth to the wave length is less than 0.50 but greater than 0.40.
Intermediate water waves
The distance that the wind blows over the sea in generating the waves is known as:
Fetch
The arithmetical mean value of the highest, one-third of the waves for a stated interval.
Significant wave height
An abnormal rise of the sea level that occurs when typhoon passes by. This rise above normal level on this open coast is due to atmospheric pressure reduction as well as due to wind stress.
Storm surge
Waves with an extremely long period that mainly occur when there is a sudden large scale sea floor movements associated severe, shallow focus earthquake.
Tsunamis
The horizontal extension of the generating area in the
direction of the wind is called:
Fetch
The difference in height between the mean higher high
water and the mean lower low water is called:
Diurnal range
The highest tides which occur at intervals of half a lunar
month is called:
Spring tides
The datum line of design of port facilities in accordance
with charts, which is being used by the Phil. Ports Authority
(PPA).
MLLW
The type of tide which will occur at nor near the time
when the moon is new or full that is when the sun, moon and earth fall in line and the tide generating forces of the
moon and sun are additive.
Spring tide
When the lines connecting the earth with the sun and
the moon form a right angle, that is the moon is in her
quarters, then the actions of the moon and sun are
subtractive, and the lowest tides of the month occur, this is
called:
Neap tide
Owing to retardation of the tidal wave in the ocean by
frictional force, as the earth resolves daily around its axis
and as the tide tends to follow the direction of the moon,
the highest tide for each location is not coincident with
conjunction and opposition but occurs at some constant
time after new and full moon. This interval which may
amount to as much as two and a half days is known as:
Age of the tide
In many parts of the world, the high waters reach their
greatest height and the low waters at the least height, soon
after the time of full and new moon. These tides are called:
Spring tides
The difference in height between high water and low
water at a tidal station is called:
Tidal range
When the daily high waters are usually at their least
height and the daily low waters their greatest height soon
after the moon is in quandrature. This tides are called:
Neap tides
Waves formed by earthquake disturbances.
Tsunamis
Waves formed by gravitational attraction of the moon
and sun.
Tides
The spread of energy along a wave crest is called:
Diffraction
The bending of waves as they slow down.
Refraction
Waves under the influence of the winds that generated
them are called:
Sea
The distance that a wind blows across the water is
called:
Fetch
The time that a wind blows across the water is called:
Duration
The average of the highest one-third of the waves are
called:
Significant wave height
The highest tide which occurs at intervals of half a lunar
month when the sun, moon and earth fall in line.
Spring tides
The lowest tide of the month when the lines connecting
the earth with the sun and the moon form a right triangle,
that is when the moon is in its quarters are called:
Neap tides
Tides that occur twice its lunar day is called:
Semi-diurnal tides
High crested waves caused by the rush of flood tide up
a river or by meeting of tides are called:
Tidal bores
The circulation of masses of air more or less parallel to
the earth’s surface.
Wind
The side of a structure facing the direction from which
the wind comes.
Windward side
Prevailing winds which are seasonal blowing in one
direction over part of the year and in the opposite direction
the remainder of the year.
Monsoon
The opposite side of a structure facing the direction
from which the wind comes.
Leeward side
