terms

Question 1

rhetoric

Answer 1

the art of finding ways of persuading an audience.

Question 2

text

Answer 2

things that can be read, consumed, comprehended, and investigated.

Question 3

purpose

Answer 3

the goal.

Question 4

context

Answer 4

background or event.

Question 5

ocassion/exigence

Answer 5

the external motivation; what triggered the speaker to write it.

Question 6

subject

Answer 6

topic

Question 7

persona

Answer 7

the character of the speaker they present to their audience.

Question 8

rhetorical triangle/appeals.

Answer 8

ethos, logos, and pathos.

Question 9

ethos

Answer 9

credibility

Question 10

pathos

Answer 10

engages with emotions and reliability.

Question 11

logos

Answer 11

information, facts, and statistics.

Question 12

denotation

Answer 12

dictionary meaning.

Question 13

connotation

Answer 13

associated meanings (e.g., juvenile).

Question 14

satire

Answer 14

the use of sarcasm and irony to expose a flaw.

Question 15

diction

Answer 15

word choice.

Question 16

syntax

Answer 16

how words are organized in a sentence (length, order, and structure).

Question 17

tone

Answer 17

the speaker’s attitude toward a subject.

Question 18

mood

Answer 18

the feeling or atmosphere created by the text.

Question 19

alliteration

Answer 19

repetition of the same sound or word.

Question 20

colloquialism

Answer 20

casual/informal words and phrases.

Question 21

euphemism

Answer 21

a mild expression or word to substitute harsh language.

Question 22

antithesis

Answer 22

comparison of ideas or words in parallel construction.

Question 23

hyperbole

Answer 23

exaggeration, an overstatement.

Question 24

metaphor

Answer 24

compares two things.

Question 25

simile

Answer 25

compares two things but uses words like “as” or “like.”

Question 26

synecdoche

Answer 26

a part = the whole.

Question 27

inversion/anastrophe

Answer 27

inverted order/syntax.

Question 28

irony

Answer 28

saying one thing that means something else.

Question 29

allusion

Answer 29

references

Question 30

anaphora

Answer 30

repetition at the beginning of clauses, lines, or phrases.

Question 31

juxtaposition

Answer 31

side-by-side comparison.

Question 32

metonymy

Answer 32

something is referred to by another name.

Question 33

parallelism

Answer 33

similar structure in a series of words, phrases, or clauses.

Question 34

imagery

Answer 34

visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile, and auditory.

Question 35

personification

Answer 35

giving something non-living lifelike abilities.

Question 36

rhetorical question

Answer 36

a question used as an effect and has no expected answer.

Question 37

understatement/litotes

Answer 37

belittlement; the opposite of hyperbole.

Question 38

closed thesis statement

Answer 38

includes a preview of supporting points.

Question 39

open thesis statement

Answer 39

does not include a preview of supporting points.

Question 40

claim

Answer 40

an arguable assertion.

Question 41

evidence

Answer 41

supports the claim with facts, examples, statistics, etc.

Question 42

concession

Answer 42

acknowledgment that opposing arguments exist.

Question 43

rebuttal

Answer 43

an answer that refutes/crushes a counterclaim.

Question 44

deductive reasoning/deduction

Answer 44

draws a specific conclusion from a general truth.

Question 45

inductive reasoning/induction

Answer 45

draws a general conclusion from a general truth; generalization.

Question 46

anecdote

Answer 46

a brief story that illustrates a point.

Question 47

maxim/adage/aphorism

Answer 47

a true wisdom statement (e.g., proverbs).

Question 48

subjective

Answer 48

based on a personal perspective.