TERMS

Question 1

patient has refrained from strenuous exercise and has not ingested food or beverages except water for 12 hours fasting.

the ideal time to collect blood from a patient is when the patient is in this state

Answer 1

BASAL STATE

Question 2

those who are anxious or fearful must be calm down.
Assistance from a nurse or parent is frequently required

Answer 2

Apprehensive Patients

Question 3

spontaneous loss of consciousness caused by insufficient blood flow to the brain.

Answer 3

Syncope (Fainting)

Question 4

Small, nonraised red hemorrhagic spots

Answer 4

Petechiae

Question 5

seriously affected samples when hemolyzed

Answer 5

K, LD, AST, CBC

Question 6

noticeably affected samples when hemolyzed

Answer 6

Fe, ALT, T4

Question 7

This is caused by a transient rise in chylomicrons following a meal containing fat

Answer 7

Lipemia or Lactanese

Question 8

Blue or black skin discoloration commonly due to repeated trauma or puncture of the veins

Answer 8

Hematoma

Question 9

tests that are ordered by the health-care provider to diagnose and monitor a patient’s condition.

Answer 9

Routine Samples

Question 10

means the sample is to be collected, analyzed, and results reported immediately.

Answer 10

Stat Samples

Question 11

is an apparatus that is used to separate cells, plasma, or serum of blood specimens.

Answer 11

Centrifuge

Question 12

collected in tubes with anticoagulants; this should be centrifuged immediately and without delay

Answer 12

Plasma specimen

Question 13

needs to be completely clotted prior to centrifugation.

Answer 13

Serum specimen

Question 14

the liquid portion of anticoagulated blood

Answer 14

Plasma

Question 15

the liquid portion of clotted blood

Answer 15

Serum

Question 16

refers to a portion of a sample specimen taken for chemical analysis or testing.

Answer 16

aliquot

Question 17

appear red because of the release of hemoglobin from RBCs

Answer 17

hemolyzed specimens

Question 18

appear yellow because of the presence of excess bilirubin

Answer 18

icteric specimens

Question 19

are cloudy because of increased lipids

Answer 19

lipemic specimens

Question 20

primary organic component, product of protein and amino acid

Answer 20

urea

Question 21

product of nucleic acid

Answer 21

uric acid

Question 22

primary inorganic component

Answer 22

chloride

Question 23

from salt

Answer 23

sodium

Question 24

combined with chloride and other salts

Answer 24

potassium

Question 25

combine with sodium to buffer blood

Answer 25

phosphate

Question 26

regulates blood and tissue fluid

Answer 26

ammonium

Question 27

combines wth chloride, sulfate, and phosphate

Answer 27

calcium

Question 28

The most routinely used method of preservation is _____

Answer 28

refrigeration

Question 29

most commonly received specimen useful for routine screening tests to detect obvious abnormalities.

Answer 29

Random Specimen

Question 30

ideal screening specimen also essential for preventing false-negative pregnancy tests and for evaluating orthostatic proteinuria concentrated specimen

Answer 30

First Morning Specimen

Question 31

carefully timed specimen must be used to produce accurate quantitative results

Answer 31

24-hour Specimen (Timed specimens)

Question 32

for bacterial culture specimen is collected under sterile conditions by passing a hollow tube (catheter) through the urethra into the bladder

Answer 32

Catheterized Specimen

Question 33

provides a safer, less traumatic method for obtaining urine for bacterial culture and routine urinalysis

Answer 33

Midstream Clean-Catch Specimen

Question 34

provides a sample for a bacterial culture that is completely free of extraneous contamination. the specimen can also be used for cytologic examination

Answer 34

Suprapubic Aspiration

Question 35

detect the presence of prostatitis

Answer 35

Three Glass Collection

Question 36

Yellow color of urine is caused by the presence of a pigment called ____

Answer 36

urochrome

Question 37

presence of the abnormal pigment bilirubin.

Answer 37

Dark Yellow or amber

Question 38

administration of phenazopyridine (Pyridium) or azo- gantrisin compounds to persons with urinary tract infections.

Answer 38

Yellow-orange

Question 39

presence of blood

Answer 39

Red

Question 40

glomerular bleeding

Answer 40

Brown urine containing blood

Question 41

melanin or homogentisic acid, levodopa, methyldopa, phenol derivatives, and metronidazole (Flagyl).

Answer 41

Brown or black

Question 42

bacterial infections, including urinary tract infection by Pseudomonas species and intestinal tract infections resulting in increased urinary indican

Answer 42

Blue/green

Question 43

- refers to the transparency or turbidity of a urine specimen

Answer 43

CLARITY

Question 44

consist of chemical-impregnated absorbent pads attached to a plastic strip.

Answer 44

Reagent Strips

Question 45

Absence of bile salts that assist pancreatic lipase in the breakdown and subsequent reabsorption of dietary fat (triglycerides) produces an increase in stool fat

Answer 45

Steatorrhea (fecal fat)

Question 46

major fluid in the body provides a physiologic system to supply nutrients to the nervous tissue, remove metabolic wastes, and produce a mechanical barrier to cushion the brain and spinal cord against trauma

Answer 46

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Question 47

used to describe CSF supernatant that is pink, orange, or yellow.

Answer 47

Xanthochromia

Question 48

is composed of four fractions that are contributed by the testes, epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands

Answer 48

Semen

Question 49

is a viscous liquid found in the cavities of the movable joints (diarthroses) or synovial joints

Answer 49

SYNOVIAL FLUID

Question 50

Synovial fluid is collected by needle aspiration called ___

Answer 50

arthrocentesis

Question 51

a pale-yellow, watery, serum-like fluid found between the double-layered membranes enclosing the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities

Answer 51

Serous Fluid

Question 52

aspirated from the pleural space, or cavity, surrounding the lungs

Answer 52

Pleural fluid:

Question 53

aspirated from the abdominal cavity

Answer 53

Peritoneal fluid

Question 54

aspirated from the pericardial cavity surrounding the heart

Answer 54

Pericardial fluid

Question 55

present in the amnion, a membranous sac that surrounds the fetus can be analyzed to detect genetic disorders such as Down’s syndrome, identify hemolytic disease resulting from blood incompatibility between the mother and fetus, and determine gestational age

Answer 55

Amniotic Fluid

Question 56

Amniotic fluid is obtained by needle aspiration into the amniotic sac, a procedure called _____

Answer 56

amniocentesis

Question 57

mucus or phlegm that is ejected from the trachea, bronchi, and lungs through deep coughing

Answer 57

Sputum

Question 58

A selected tissue specimen is immersed in a watch glass containing NSS, carefully dissected or separated and examined

Answer 58

Teasing or Dissociation

Question 59

Small pieces of tissues are placed in a microscopic slide and forcibly compressed with another slide or coverslip

Answer 59

Squash Preparation (Crushing)

Question 60

used for preparing mucoid secretions vaginal secretions, sputum and gastric content)

Answer 60

Streaking

Question 61

used for thick mucoid secretions (smears of fresh sputum and bronchial aspirates)

Answer 61

Spreading

Question 62

for serous fluids, concentrated sputum, and enzymatic lavage form the GIT, smears of urinary sediment, vaginal pool and breast secretions

Answer 62

Pull-Apart

Question 63

for preparation of direct impression from the cut surface of tissue like the lymph nodes and other surgical or autopsy secretions.

Answer 63

Touch or Impression Smear

Question 64

is a pathological laboratory procedure to perform rapid microscopic analysis of a specimen. The technical name for this procedure is the Cryo section.

Answer 64

Frozen Section