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PMLS2 MIDTERMS > TERMS > Flashcards

TERMS Flashcards

1
Q

patient has refrained from strenuous exercise and has not ingested food or beverages except water for 12 hours fasting.

the ideal time to collect blood from a patient is when the patient is in this state

A

BASAL STATE

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2
Q

those who are anxious or fearful must be calm down.
Assistance from a nurse or parent is frequently required

A

Apprehensive Patients

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3
Q

spontaneous loss of consciousness caused by insufficient blood flow to the brain.

A

Syncope (Fainting)

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4
Q

Small, nonraised red hemorrhagic spots

A

Petechiae

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5
Q

seriously affected samples when hemolyzed

A

K, LD, AST, CBC

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6
Q

noticeably affected samples when hemolyzed

A

Fe, ALT, T4

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7
Q

This is caused by a transient rise in chylomicrons following a meal containing fat

A

Lipemia or Lactanese

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8
Q

Blue or black skin discoloration commonly due to repeated trauma or puncture of the veins

A

Hematoma

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9
Q

tests that are ordered by the health-care provider to diagnose and monitor a patient’s condition.

A

Routine Samples

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10
Q

means the sample is to be collected, analyzed, and results reported immediately.

A

Stat Samples

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11
Q

is an apparatus that is used to separate cells, plasma, or serum of blood specimens.

A

Centrifuge

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12
Q

collected in tubes with anticoagulants; this should be centrifuged immediately and without delay

A

Plasma specimen

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13
Q

needs to be completely clotted prior to centrifugation.

A

Serum specimen

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14
Q

the liquid portion of anticoagulated blood

A

Plasma

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15
Q

the liquid portion of clotted blood

A

Serum

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16
Q

refers to a portion of a sample specimen taken for chemical analysis or testing.

A

aliquot

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17
Q

appear red because of the release of hemoglobin from RBCs

A

hemolyzed specimens

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18
Q

appear yellow because of the presence of excess bilirubin

A

icteric specimens

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19
Q

are cloudy because of increased lipids

A

lipemic specimens

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20
Q

primary organic component, product of protein and amino acid

A

urea

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21
Q

product of nucleic acid

A

uric acid

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22
Q

primary inorganic component

A

chloride

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23
Q

from salt

A

sodium

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24
Q

combined with chloride and other salts

A

potassium

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25
Q

combine with sodium to buffer blood

A

phosphate

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26
Q

regulates blood and tissue fluid

A

ammonium

27
Q

combines wth chloride, sulfate, and phosphate

A

calcium

28
Q

The most routinely used method of preservation is _____

A

refrigeration

29
Q

most commonly received specimen
useful for routine screening tests to detect obvious abnormalities.

A

Random Specimen

30
Q

ideal screening specimen
also essential for preventing false-negative pregnancy tests and for evaluating orthostatic proteinuria
concentrated specimen

A

First Morning Specimen

31
Q

carefully timed specimen must be used to produce accurate quantitative results

A

24-hour Specimen (Timed specimens)

32
Q

for bacterial culture
specimen is collected under sterile conditions by passing a hollow tube (catheter) through the urethra into the bladder

A

Catheterized Specimen

33
Q

provides a safer, less traumatic method for obtaining urine for bacterial culture and routine urinalysis

A

Midstream Clean-Catch Specimen

34
Q

provides a sample for a bacterial culture that is completely free of extraneous contamination.
the specimen can also be used for cytologic examination

A

Suprapubic Aspiration

35
Q

detect the presence of prostatitis

A

Three Glass Collection

36
Q

Yellow color of urine is caused by the presence of a pigment called ____

A

urochrome

37
Q

presence of the abnormal pigment bilirubin.

A

Dark Yellow or amber

38
Q

administration of phenazopyridine (Pyridium) or azo- gantrisin compounds to persons with urinary tract infections.

A

Yellow-orange

39
Q

presence of blood

A

Red

40
Q

glomerular bleeding

A

Brown urine containing blood

41
Q

melanin or homogentisic acid, levodopa, methyldopa, phenol derivatives, and metronidazole (Flagyl).

A

Brown or black

42
Q

bacterial infections, including urinary tract infection by Pseudomonas species and intestinal tract infections resulting in increased urinary indican

A

Blue/green

43
Q
  • refers to the transparency or turbidity of a urine specimen
A

CLARITY

44
Q

consist of chemical-impregnated absorbent pads attached to a plastic strip.

A

Reagent Strips

45
Q

Absence of bile salts that assist pancreatic lipase in the breakdown and subsequent reabsorption of dietary fat (triglycerides) produces an increase in stool fat

A

Steatorrhea (fecal fat)

46
Q

major fluid in the body
provides a physiologic system to supply nutrients to the nervous tissue, remove metabolic wastes, and produce a mechanical barrier to cushion the brain and spinal cord against trauma

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

47
Q

used to describe CSF supernatant that is pink, orange, or yellow.

A

Xanthochromia

48
Q

is composed of four fractions that are contributed by the testes, epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands

A

Semen

49
Q

is a viscous liquid found in the cavities of the movable joints (diarthroses) or synovial joints

A

SYNOVIAL FLUID

50
Q

Synovial fluid is collected by needle aspiration called ___

A

arthrocentesis

51
Q

a pale-yellow, watery, serum-like fluid found between the double-layered membranes enclosing the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities

A

Serous Fluid

52
Q

aspirated from the pleural space, or cavity, surrounding the lungs

A

Pleural fluid:

53
Q

aspirated from the abdominal cavity

A

Peritoneal fluid

54
Q

aspirated from the pericardial cavity surrounding the heart

A

Pericardial fluid

55
Q

present in the amnion, a membranous sac that surrounds the fetus

can be analyzed to detect genetic disorders such as Down’s syndrome, identify hemolytic disease resulting from blood incompatibility between the mother and fetus, and determine gestational age

A

Amniotic Fluid

56
Q

Amniotic fluid is obtained by needle aspiration into the amniotic sac, a procedure called _____

A

amniocentesis

57
Q

mucus or phlegm that is ejected from the trachea, bronchi, and lungs through deep coughing

A

Sputum

58
Q

A selected tissue specimen is immersed in a watch glass containing NSS, carefully dissected or separated and examined

A

Teasing or Dissociation

59
Q

Small pieces of tissues are placed in a microscopic slide and forcibly compressed with another slide or coverslip

A

Squash Preparation (Crushing)

60
Q

used for preparing mucoid secretions vaginal secretions, sputum and gastric content)

A

Streaking

61
Q

used for thick mucoid secretions (smears of fresh sputum and bronchial aspirates)

A

Spreading

62
Q

for serous fluids, concentrated sputum, and enzymatic lavage form the GIT, smears of urinary sediment, vaginal pool and breast secretions

A

Pull-Apart

63
Q

for preparation of direct impression from the cut surface of tissue like the lymph nodes and other surgical or autopsy secretions.

A

Touch or Impression Smear

64
Q

is a pathological laboratory procedure to perform rapid microscopic analysis of a specimen. The technical name for this procedure is the Cryo section.

A

Frozen Section

PMLS2 MIDTERMS (1 decks)

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