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Terms Flashcards

Learn terms used in NMS/GU pathology

1
Q

Infection involving the meninges

A

Meningitis

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2
Q

Infection of the dura mater

A

Pachymeningitis

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3
Q

Infection of the cerebral parenchyma

A

Encephalitis

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4
Q

Infection of the spinal parenchyma

A

Myelitis

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5
Q

Infection of the brain and meninges

A

Meningoencephalitis

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6
Q

“meningitis” w/o qualification

A

Leptomeningitis

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7
Q

Presence of blood (in CSF)

A

Xanthochromic

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8
Q

Pus forming

A

Purulent

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9
Q

Adrenal hemorrhage caused by intravascular coagulapathy

A

Waterhouse Fredrichsen Syndrome

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10
Q

A rounded tumor-like but non-neoplastic mass usually in the lungs or brain leads to localized tuberculosis infection

A

Tuberculoma

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11
Q

An ovoid cell w/ an eccentric nucleus w/ chromatin; derived from B type lymphocytes and are active in formation of antibodies

A

Plasma Cells

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12
Q

Sleepy or drowsy or having inclination to sleep

A

Somnolence

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13
Q

A slowly expanding lesion in which the bone is replaced by a mass of fibroblasts, collagen, & irregular bony trabeculae

A

Fibrous dysplasia

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14
Q

A cartilage-capped bony projection arising from any bone that develops from cartilage

A

Exostosis

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15
Q

Malignant tumor of epithelial origin

A

Carcinoma

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16
Q

Malignant tumor of connective tissue

A

Sarcoma

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17
Q

Variation in size and shape of nuclei

A

Pleomorphism

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18
Q

Lack of differentiation

A

anaplastic

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19
Q

Fatty acid attached to top carbon of serine molecule

A

Sphingosine

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20
Q

Fatty acids attached to top and middle carbons of serine

A

Ceramide

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21
Q

Fatty acids attached to both top and bottom carbons w/ a phosphocholne group or single glucose or galactose

A

Sphingomyelin

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22
Q

Fatty acids attached to top & middle w/ an oligosaccharide w/ sialic acid on lower carbon

A

Ganglioside

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23
Q

A slowly progressive CNS disease characterized by multiple patches of demyelination in the brain & spinal cord, resulting in multiple & varied neurologic symptoms & signs, usually w/ remission & exacerbation

A

Multiple Sclerosis

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24
Q

Breaking into run to keep from falling

A

Festination

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25
Q

Tendency to fall forward

A

Propulsion

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26
Q

Tendency to fall backward

A

Retropulsion

27
Q

Spascity of the muscles used for speaking

A

Dysarthria

28
Q

Opening on each side of lateral ventricles that open into 3rd ventricle

A

Foramen of Monro

29
Q

Continuation of 3rd ventricle down through the midbrain

A

Aqueduct of Sylvius

30
Q

Central perforation in roof of 4th ventricle

A

Foramen of Magendie

31
Q

Lateral perforations in roof of 4th ventricle

A

Foramina of Luschka

32
Q

Ciliated cubical epithelium that lines the ventricles and canals

33
Q

States that volume of blood, brain tissue, & CSF must remain constant

A

Monro-Kelli doctrine

34
Q

Excessive accumulation of fluid dilating the cerebral ventricles, thinning the brain, & causing a separation of cranial bones

A

Hydrocephalus

35
Q

Circumscribed collection of pus appearing in acute or chronic localized infection & assoc. w/ tissue distraction & frequently swelling; a cavity formed by liquefaction necrosis w/i solid tissue

36
Q

A benign, encapsulated neoplasm of arachnoidal origin

A

Meningioma

37
Q

An abnormal tissue that grows by cellular proliferation more rapidly than normal & continues to grow after the stimuli that initiated the new growth stops

38
Q

Systemic blood pressue is raised & the pulse slows

A

Cushing Effect

39
Q

A diffuse aggregation of cells in the core of the brainstem permeated by a tangle of fibers running in all directions

A

Reticular formation

40
Q

Accumulation of blood b/w the calvaria & the dura

A

Epidural hematoma

41
Q

Edema of the optic disc

A

Papilledema

42
Q

Compression of venous return to the heart due to increased volume of fluid in the compartment

A

Tamponade effect

43
Q

A golden-yellow or yellow-brown insoluble protein produced by phagocytic digestion of hematin

A

Hemosiderin

44
Q

Capillaries are defective so arterial blood goes into veins w/ high pressure causing distention in the veins making them tortuous

A

Arteriovenous malformation

45
Q

A traumatic bruise of the brain surface

A

Cerebral contusion

46
Q

Contusion that occurs on the side opposite the part of impact

A

Countercoup injuries

47
Q

AKA Commotio cerebri; The transient loss of consciousness due to trauma

A

Concussion

48
Q

Arrangement or condition inborn state disposing to a disease-metabolic or structure anomaly

49
Q

Abnormally small number of platelets in circulating blood

A

Thrombocytopenia

50
Q

Blood clot that travels w/i the body

51
Q

Condensation & reduction in size of the cell or its nucleus

A

Nuclear pyknosis

52
Q

Large cells w/ abundant pale foamy cytoplasm

A

Glitter cells

53
Q

Condition marked by the occurrence of overgrowth

54
Q

AKA Charcot’s arteries; any of the variety of small arteries entering the base of the brain

A

Lenticostriate arteries

55
Q

Microaneurysm in the lenticulostriate arteries

A

Charcot-Bouchard aneurysm

56
Q

Loss of consciousness

A

Cerebral apoplexy

57
Q

Paralysis of one side of the body

A

hemiplagia

58
Q

Abnormal sensation such as of burning, pricking, tickling, or tingling

A

Paresthesias

59
Q

Impaired or absent communication by speech, writing, or signs

60
Q

Falling w/o loss of consciousness

A

Drop attacks

61
Q

Slurred speech

A

Dysarthria

62
Q

Inadequate perfusion of the brain resulting from generalized low blood flow due to extracranial events

A

Global ischemia

63
Q

An obstruction in the ventricular system that prevents CSF from passing into the subarachnoid space

A

Noncommunicative (Obstructive) hydrocephalus

64
Q

CSF passes normall out of the ventricular system but flow is obstructed in subarachnoid space or reabsorption is reduced

A

Communicating hydrocephalus

NMS/GU (3 decks)

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