Terms Flashcards
Content
The identification of the work of art; who or what does the art depict?
Form
Everything visual and material about the work of art; what is it made out of? what colors and shapes are present? This is the description, you are communicating what you see.
Style
A system of renderings used to form the details of a subject on a set of forms and shapes used to fashion an object; the level of naturalism vs abstractism
Naturalism
Art that tries to show people and things in a realistic manner.
Abstractionism
Art that does not attempt to represent an accurate depiction of a visual reality.
Medium
Material or technical means of artistic expression, this can include things like paint on canvas or sculpture stone. This is what you use to make your art.
Chronology
The study of historical records in order to create a sequence for past events
This is important to learn so that you can understand the exact order in which events occur to help us better understand the trials, causes, and effects of those events.
Absolute Chronology
The association of a particular object with a calendar date based on external evidence
Ex…
Historical text, inscription on tablets, or associations with people
Relative Chronology
An attempt to define temporal relationships between otherwise updatable objects.
Ex…
The Riace warriors; bronze statues found in an Italian shipwreck. Based on their style and poses it can be inferred they came from about 470-430 BCE
Pre-History
The time before written history
The Eastern Hemisphere
Africa; the Nile valley, split into upper and lower Egypt
Nubia(Kush) located south of “upper” Egypt
West Asia; Asia Minor (Turkey) The Levant, modern day Saudi Arabia
Greece; Crete
Italy; Carthage
Periodization
The process of grouping years of the past into discrete units. This reflects the worldview of modern historians and not ancient peoples and provides a convenient way of speaking about a period of time.
Ex…
1100 BCE - 800 BCE sometimes is called the “Dark age” of Greek culture due to events of the time.
African Continent from 7th 5th millennium BCE
7000 BCE - 4000 BCE
Spread of agriculture; emergence of river valley civilizations among the Nile, Niger, and Congo rivers. Permanent settlement in these locations.
Nile Valley from 5th 4th Millennium BCE
4500 BCE - 3800 BCE; Badarian period: burials with grave goods
3800 BCE - 3100 BCE; Naqa period in the Nile valley; burials with grave goods show an increased social stratification through quality of items. Between 3300-3100 BCE symbols linked to kingship and religion in Egypt emerge.
Prehistoric
Before 3150 BCE
Proto-dynastic
3150 - 2686 BCE
Old Kingdom
2686 - 2181 BCE
First Intermediate Period
2181 - 2055 BCE
Middle Kingdom
2055 - 1650 BCE
Second Intermediate Period
1650 - 1550 BCE
New Kingdom
1550 BCE - 1069 BCE
Third Intermediate Period
1069 BCE - 664 BCE
Late Period
664 BCE - 332 BCE
Sources for chronology of Ancient Egypt
Written sources; inscriptions on pharaohs tombs, important correspondence
Archeology/Excavation
Hrodotus of Halicarnassus (Asia minor) Greek 5th Century BCE
Manetho, Egyptian high priest, wrote in greek, 3rd century BCE
Africa The Nile Valley
Kemet/Egypt, Upper and Lower “the two lands”
Nubia, Kush
Hierarchy of scale
Master/mistress of animals
Three-quarters pose
Polychromy
The art of painting in several colors, especially as applied to ancient pottery, sculpture, and architecture
Smiting
Kemet/Deshret
Color language: black (Kemet), meaning fertility and prosperous land
Color language: Red (Deshret), infertile
Order vs chaos
Hieroglyph
Sacred text, contains power, written within tombs
In Situ
In the location an item was meant to be
Iriat
Royal Egyptian cobra
