Terms Flashcards
Adnexa
tissues surrounding the globe
Anterior Segment
contains aqueous humor, includes anterior & posterior chambers: inside of cornea to lens
Blepharitis
inflammation of eyelids
Blepharospasm
squinting, blinking, involuntary contraction of eyelids
indicates pain
Blepharoedema
swelling of eyelids often seen with adverse vaccine reaction or insect bite
Buphthalmos
enlargement of the globe due to glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure)
Chemosis
swelling (edema) of conjunctiva
Choroid
posterior part of uvea, vascular layer located between the sclera and retina
Ciliary Body
part of uvea behind iris
not normally seen on ocular exam
produces aqueous
Corectopia
abnormal location of pupil
Dyscoria
abnormal shape to pupil
Dacryo
refers to lacrimal system
Dacryocystitis
inflammation of Nasolacrimal system
Descemet’s Membrane
basement membrane of corneal endothelial cells
innermost layer of cornea
Descemetocele
exposure of Descemet’s membrane when corneal epithelium and stroma are lost
if breached, the eye is perforated
Enophthalmos
recession of the globe deeper into the orbit due to loss of sympathetic tone, loss of periorbital fat, or mass effect
Epiphora
overflow of tears
ERG
electroretinogram
measures electrical potential of photoreceptor cells
Exophthalmos
anterior displacement of the globe from the normal orbital position, globe remains behind eyelids
Flare
protein seen in the aqueous due to vascular leakage in uveitis
Fundus
area seen through the lens
optic nerve, retinal vessels, tapetal & non-tapetal areas
Glaucoma
loss of ganglion cells and optic nerve atrophy usually due to increased intraocular pressure
Gray line
refers to areas along meibomian gland openings, surgical reference point
Hyphema
RBC’s in anterior chamber
Hypopyon
Neutrophils in anterior chamber
Normal IOP
10-20 mmHg in dogs
may be slightly higher in cats and horses
KP’s
keratic precipitates,
aggregates of inflammatory cells-lymphocytes, on corneal endothelium
Keratitis
inflammation of cornea
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
insufficient aqueous tear production
Schirmer Tear Test = <15mm/min in dogs with clinical signs
Lagophthalmos
lids do not close completely over cornea (prominent eye or neurologic deficit
Macroblepharon
too large eyelid opening for size of globe
Meibomian gland
lipid secreting glands along lid margins
Microphthalmia
congenitally small globe
Miosis & Mydriasis
Miosis = constricted pupil
Mydriasis = dilated pupil
Phacoemulsification
surgical breakdown of lens for removal
3 Layers of tear film:
Inner
- MUCIN secreted by goblet cells
- located in palpebral conjunctiva
- keeps corneal surface smooth and allows adhesion of aqueous tears to lipophilic cornea
Middle
- AQUEOUS layer secreted by orbital lacrimal gland and gland of nictitating membrane
Outer
- LIPID layer secreted by meibomian glands
- located along the eyelid margins
- holds aqueous tears against eye, prevents evaporation and ‘spilling of tears’
Uvea
MIDDLE vascular layer of the eye, iris, ciliary body and choroid
Uveitis
inflammation of uvea
Anterior uveitis
inflammation of iris & ciliary body
Posterior uveitis
inflammation of choroid
Panuveitis
inflammation of anterior and posterior uvea
