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history 1001 matching terms exam 2 > terms > Flashcards

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1
Q

31 BCE

A

The start of “the empire” and the end of “the republic, also the start of the Juilo-Claudius dynasty. Octavian won victory in battle of actium against Antony and Cleopatra

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2
Q

estrucans

A

Nearby populations by Rome

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3
Q

Consuls

A

Made up of the chief magistrates and generals. Contained 2 consuls and they changed almost every year.

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4
Q

fides

A

Loyalty and faithfulness:

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5
Q

patricians

A

Has to be born into this; original aristocrats (ruling group after expulsion of kings)

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6
Q

plebians

A

Commoners (everyone else)

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7
Q

tribunes

A

plebeian leaders (octavian , mark antony, lepidus)

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8
Q

carthage

A

The Phoenician colony; its maritime empire ; located in North Africa

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9
Q

Punic wars

A

Three major wars between Rome and Carthage in North Africa, fought between 264 and 146 BCE, that culminated in Roman victory and control of the western Mediterranean.1st punic war- sicily. Carthage and Rome fighting over sicily. Fought on sea. Rome created their first navy.
2nd punic war- revenge, carthage tried to make a sneak attack carthage lost a lot of people. Scipio Africanus from 2nd punic war
Rome wins
3rd punic war- rome on edge with carthage, unease. The people of sicily (still in rome) told the higher ups and told them they felt uneasy.

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10
Q

Hannibal

A

Carthaginian military commander who, in the Second Punic Car, attempted a surprise attack on Rome, crossing the Alps with a large group of soldiers, horses, and elephants

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11
Q

scipio africanus

A

Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC)

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12
Q

146 BCE

A

end of punic wars and also the year of the sack of carthage

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13
Q

Tiberius Gracchus

A

Proposed las to the Plebian assembly where the could be passed without support from the senate to try and ass his reforms; part of the Gracchi; Served in Tribunes of the Plebs (plebian leaders)

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14
Q

133 BCE

A

The start of the late roman empire, conquest of the eastern Mediterranean completed by this point

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15
Q

proscriptions

A

“public enemy” lists created by L. Cornelius Sulla, winner in the Civil War against Marius

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16
Q

Gaius Marius

A

“the peoples general” of the client armies

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17
Q

L.Corenlius Sulla

A

writer of the proscriptions

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18
Q

Julius Caesar

A

Promise of a major command in Gaul (modern france); eventually became a dictator.Brilliant general, but shrewd politician. Good at keeping face, while making exploits for himself and his family. Loyal to no one. Even old friends.

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19
Q

Pompey

A

Favorable treaties and laws; defender of “the republic”

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20
Q

first triumvirate

A

Caesar, pompey, crassus

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21
Q

Octavian

A

changed his name to Augustus,caesar’s great nephew and heir, adopted in his will

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22
Q

Mark anthony

A

Part of the second triumvirate, he opposed Octavian in the East/West power split, and controlled the Asian regions. He married Cleopatra and together they lost the war with the West after losing the battle of Actium/ He commited suicide

23
Q

Marcus tullius cicero

A

The last defender of the Republic

24
Q

Battle of actium

A

Battle between Marcus Anthony and Octavian for control of the empire. Octavian won in 31 BCE

25
Q

princeps

A

“first”

26
Q

tribunican power

A

This was one of the powers Augustus gave himself in 23 during the second settlement, which gave him the powers of a tribune. Although it had very little legitimate reward, this title of “protector of the people” made Agustus popular with the public

27
Q

livy

A

the roman historian

27
Q

vergil

A

a great Roman epic poet during the golden age of latin literature; author of the Aeneid.

28
Q

Julio-claudian dynasty

A

refers to the first five roman emperors: agustus, tiberius, caligula (also known as: Gaius), Claudius, and Nero, or the family to which they belonged; they ruled the Roman Empire from its formation, in the second half of the first century until AD 68, when the last of the line, Nero, committed suicide.

29
Q

emperior tiberius

A

augustus’ stepson

30
Q

Nero

A

First roman emperor to persecute christians

31
Q

trajan

A

leader of the roman empire who disguised it as a republic, and under who the roman empire came to be at its greatest extent

32
Q

“five good emperors”

A

five consecutive roman emperors; (nerva, trajan, hadrian, antonius, pius, and marcus aurelius) distinguished by their benevolence and moderation

33
Q

Septimius Severus

A

first systematic state persecution of christians occurs under him

34
Q

essenes

A

believers in the end of the world

35
Q

pontius pilate

A

roman procurator of judea (non senatorial governor, representative of the emperor)

36
Q

Paul (Saul) of Tarsus

A

he apostle to the non-jews. He spread the teaching of jesus in first century world ( one of the leaders of the first generation of christans) Was a follower of Jesus

37
Q

Diocletian

A

reorganized Rome, and pulled it back from the brink. Divided the empire to make it easier to administer.Created the tetrarchy

38
Q

Tetrarchy

A

The rule of four. Two Augusti, and two Caesar’s worked to rule the entire territory.

39
Q

Constantine I

A

Did away with the co emperor system (though it would come back). Issued new currency based on a fixed gold standard. First Christian emperor.Named Constantinople

40
Q

Edict of Milan

A

313 CE Constantine makes christianity the primary religion of the roman empire

41
Q

Constantinople

A

Today’s Istanbul. Juncture of the East and Western halves of the empire. Asia and European trade routes all passed through it. Christian “new beginning” for Rome.

42
Q

Emperor Julian

A

apostate: returned to ancient pagan religion and persecuted the christians. He tried to eliminate the christian religion

43
Q

Battle of Adrianople

A

378, victory by the Goths that started the final collapse of the Western Roman empire

44
Q

Romulus Augustulus

A

Last emperor before the fall of Rome

45
Q

Emperor Justinian

A

leader of the byzantine empire that helped in its revival of Romans glory and fame

46
Q

Battle of Yarmuk

A

Battle where the byzantine empire suffers a massive defeat to an islamic caliphate army; in syria; 636 BCE; a major victory for Islam

47
Q

Sassanid Empire

A

Persian empire

48
Q

Iconoclastic Controversy

A

the conflict over the veneration of religious images in the Byzantine empire

49
Q

Jahiliyya

A

The conflict over the veneration of religious images in the Byzantine empire: iconoclastic controversy. The “age of ignorance” which refers to the time before the revelation of the Qur’an

50
Q

Nabataeans

A

Arabs of the north built the city of Petra which became a major stop on a trade route

51
Q

ramadan

A

fasting

52
Q

Hijrah

A

Muhammad’s migration from mecca to (yathrib) Medina; “pilgrimage”

history 1001 matching terms exam 2 (1 decks)

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