terms

Question 1

This means that something is purposefully changed by the researcher in the environment.

Answer 1

manipulation

Question 2

This exists when one variable in a data set has a direct influence on another variable. Thus, one event triggers the occurrence of another event. It is also referred to as cause and effect.

Answer 2

causal relationship

Question 3

It is a part of the sampling technique in which each sample has an equal probability of being chosen.

Answer 3

random

Question 4

It indicates a trustworthy cause-and-effect relationship between the variables within a study. It is the concept of how much confidence you have in the result of your research.

Answer 4

internal validity

Question 5

It is used to prevent outside factors from influencing the study outcome.

Answer 5

control

Question 6

a statistical approach to establishing a cause-and-effect relationship between different variables

Answer 6

true experimental design

Question 7

three criteria that need to be met in order to carry out this type of research

Answer 7

The existence of a control group, The presence of an independent variable, Random assignment

Question 8

Participants must be randomly distributed within the groups.

Answer 8

Random assignment

Question 9

Independent variables that influence the working of other variables must be there for the researcher to control and observe changes.

Answer 9

The presence of an independent variable

Question 10

The sample of participants is subdivided into 2 groups - one that is subjected to the experiment and so, undergoes changes and the other that does not.

Answer 10

The existence of a control group