Terms

Question 1

International organizations

Answer 1

states work together by following rules they develop to govern interactions (liberal institutionalism.

Question 2

IGOs

Answer 2

global, regional, bilateral

Question 3

NGOs

Answer 3

tend to be more specialized in function, ie. religious groups

Question 4

UN purpose

Answer 4

Basic purpose of the UN is to provide a global institutional structure through which states can sometimes settle conflicts with less reliance on the use of force

Question 5

Benefits of the UN

Answer 5

1. international stability
2. the UN is symbol for international order and global identity.
3. mechanism for conflict resolution.
4. The UN promotes + coordinates development assistance and other programs of economic + social development in the global south
5. coordination system for information and planning.

Question 6

UN Charter

Answer 6

1. States are equal under international law (principle).
2. States have full sovereignty.
3. States should have full independence and territorial integrity.
4. States should carry out their international obligations
5. Also lays out the structure of the UN and how it operates.

Question 7

Structures of the UN

Answer 7

1. The UN secretariat
2. The UN General Assembly
   - Committees
   - Economic and Social Council
   - Agencies, regional commissions, expert bodies
   - UN programs
3. UN Security Council
   - Peacekeeping Forces

Question 8

Structures of the UN

Answer 8

1. The UN secretariat
2. The UN General Assembly
   - Committees
   - Economic and Social Council
   - Agencies, regional commissions, expert bodies
   - UN programs
3. UN Security Council
   - Peacekeeping Forces

Question 9

Functions of the UN

Answer 9

coordinate actions of a set of states around the world

Question 10

Secretariat

Answer 10

1. Administration of the UN, executive branch.
2. Regional rotation
3. Nominated by the Security Council, approved by the General Assembly

Question 11

Secretary-General

Answer 11

Antonio Guterres (2017-now): Portugal

Question 12

General-Assembly

Answer 12

1. 193 members
2. forum for debate
3. does not pass laws
4. one state, one vote
5. only power is over budget

Question 13

Specialized agencies/Programs

Answer 13

1. UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
2. UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
3. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
4. Universal Postal Union

Question 14

Security Council

Answer 14

Responsible for maintaining international peace and security and for restoring peace when it breaks down

Question 15

Security Council’s permanent members

Answer 15

U.S., Britain, France, Russia, and China

Question 16

Security Council’s nonpermanent members

Answer 16

Albania, Brazil, Gabon, Ghana, India, Ireland, Kenya, Mexico, Norway, United Arab Emirates.

Question 17

Security Council Resolutions require

Answer 17

1. 9 votes from among 15 members
2. One “no” vote from any permanent member defeats the resolution

Question 18

Power limited in two major ways

Answer 18

1. Council’s decisions depend entirely on the interests of its member states
2. Although Security Council resolutions in theory bind all UN members, member states in practice often try to evade or soften their effect.

Question 19

Proposed changes to the Security Council

Answer 19

1. Representation
2. Efficiency
3. Transparency

Question 20

US-UN relationship:

Answer 20

1. The U.S. is the biggest UN contributor.
2. Historically: UN would not exist without the US
3. 1990s: US stopped paying dues