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embalming techniques terms > terms > Flashcards

terms Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal anatomical regions

A

Two systems of nomenclature employed for designating portions of the abdomen, which include a 9-region plan and a 4-region plan.

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2
Q

Abrasion

A

antemortem injuries resulting from friction of the skin against a firm object resulting in the removal of the epidermis

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3
Q

Abut

A

to bluntly adjoin another structure; for example, the line of eye closure

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4
Q

Accessory chemical

A

a group of chemicals used in addition to vascular (arterial) and cavity embalming fluids; most are applied to the body surface

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5
Q

Action level/AL (Exposure Limits)

A

Concentration of 0.5 ppm of formaldehyde calculated as an 8-hour TWA concentration as defined by OSHA.

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6
Q

Active dye

A

agent that will impart permanent color to tissues

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7
Q

Actual pressure

A

pressure indicated by the injector gauge needle when the arterial tube is open and the arterial solution is flowing into the body

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8
Q

Adipocere(grave wax)

A

wax-like material produced by saponification of body fat in a body buried in alkaline soil.

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9
Q

Aerobic

A

the presence of free oxygen

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10
Q

Aerosolization

A

dispersed minute particles of blood and water that become atomized and suspended in air

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11
Q

Agglutination

A

increased viscosity of blood brought about by the clumping of particulate formed elements in the blood vessels

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12
Q

Agonal algor

A

decrease in body temperature immediately before death

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13
Q

Agonal coagulation

A

change from a fluid into a thickened mass of blood immediately before death

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14
Q

Agonal dehydration

A

loss of moisture immediately before death

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15
Q

Agonal edema

A

escape of blood serum from an intravascular to an extravascular location immediately before death

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16
Q

Agonal fever

A

increase in body temperature immediately before death

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17
Q

Agonal

A

a period of time immediately before death

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18
Q

Agonal translocation

A

redistribution of endemic microflora on a host-wide basis immediately before death

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19
Q

Algor mortis

A

postmortem cooling of the body to the ambient temperature

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20
Q

Alternate drainage

A

method of injection and drainage in which embalming solution is injected and then injection is stopped while drainage is opened

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21
Q

Amino acid

A

building block of protein

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22
Q

Anaerobic

A

the absence of free oxygen

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23
Q

Anasarca

A

generalized edema in subcutaneous tissue

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24
Q

Anatomical guide

A

locating arteries and veins by means of identifiable anatomical structures

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25
Q

Anatomical limits

A

adjacent structures used to designate the boundaries of arteries

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26
Q

Anatomical position

A

describing body parts in which the body is erect, feet together, palms forward, and thumbs are pointed away

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27
Q

Aneurysm

A

localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel resulting in a weakness of the vessel

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28
Q

Aneurysm hook

A

embalming instrument that is used for blunt dissection and raising vessels

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29
Q

Aneurysm needle

A

embalming instrument that is used for blunt dissection with an eye in the hook portion of the instrument for placing ligatures around raised vessels

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30
Q

Angular spring forceps

A

drainage instrument designed for the removal of venous blood clot

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31
Q

Anomaly

A

deviation from the normal

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32
Q

Antecubital fossa

A

triangular depression in front of the bend of the elbow.3

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33
Q

Antemortem

A

before death

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34
Q

Antemortem subcutaneous emphysema

A

distension of the tissues beneath the skin by gas or air from a puncture or tear in the pleural sac or the lung tissue

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35
Q

Anterior

A

anatomical term of position and direction denoting the front or forward part

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36
Q

Anterior superior iliac spine

A

a palpable bonyprotuberance located on the ilium

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37
Q

Anticoagulant

A

ingredient of embalming fluid that retards the natural postmortem tendency of blood to become viscous and prevents adverse reactions between blood and other embalming chemicals.

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38
Q

Apparent death

A

condition in which the manifestations of life are feebly maintained

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39
Q

Arterial embalming(vascular embalming)

A

the use of the blood vascular system of the body for temporary preservation, disinfection and restoration; accomplished through injection of embalming solutions into the arteries and drainage from the veins

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40
Q

Arterial fluid

A

concentrated preservative embalming chemical for injection into the arterial system during vascular embalming

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41
Q

Arterial solution

A

mixture of arterial fluid and water used for arterial injection and may include supplemental fluids

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42
Q

Arterial tube

A

instrument used to inject embalming fluid into the vascular system

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43
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

disease of the arteries resulting in thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls

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44
Q

Articulation

A

juncture between two or more bones or cartilage

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45
Q

Ascites

A

accumulation of serous fluids in the peritoneal (abdominal) cavity

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46
Q

Asepsis

A

freedom from infection and from any form of life; sterility.

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47
Q

Asphyxia

A

death beginning in the lungs due to an insufficient intake of oxygen

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48
Q

Aspiration

A

removal of gas, fluids, and semi-solids from body cavities and hollow viscera by means of suction with an aspirator and a trocar

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49
Q

Atheroma

A

fatty degeneration or thickening of the walls of the larger arteries occurring in atherosclerosis.

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50
Q

Autoclave

A

apparatus used for sterilization by steam pressure

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51
Q

Autolysis

A

self-destruction of cells; decomposition of all tissues by enzymes of their own formation without microbial assistance

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52
Q

Autolytic enzyme

A

the body’s own digestive enzymes capable of destroying body cells

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53
Q

Autopsy

A

postmortem examination of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition

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54
Q

Bactericide

A

Substance used to destroy bacteria

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55
Q

Biohazard

A

biological agent or situation that constitutes a hazard to humans

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56
Q

Biohazardous waste

A

any potentially infective, contaminated waste that constitutes a hazard to humans in the workplace.

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57
Q

Biological death

A

irreversible somatic death

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58
Q

Bischloromethyl ether/BCME

A

a carcinogen potentially produced when formaldehyde and sodium hypochlorite come into contact with each other

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59
Q

Bleach(Sodium hypochlorite)

A

chlorine-containing compound used for disinfection of inorganic/inanimate surfaces

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60
Q

Bleaching agent

A

chemical used to lighten a skin discoloration

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61
Q

Bloodborne pathogen

A

microorganism present in human blood that can cause disease in humans

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62
Q

Bloodborne Pathogen Standard

A

OSHA mandate (29 CFR 1910.1030) regulating the employee’s exposure to blood and other body fluids.

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63
Q

Blood discoloration

A

changes in blood composition, content, or location, either intravascularly or extravascularly

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64
Q

Blood vascular system

A

circulatory network composed of the heart, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.

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65
Q

Blunt dissection

A

utilizing manual techniques or round-ended instruments that separate rather than cut the superficial fascia surrounding blood vessels.

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66
Q

Boil (Furuncle)

A

acute, deep-seated inflammation in the skin, begins as a subcutaneous swelling in a hair follicle

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67
Q

Bridge suture (Interrupted suture)

A

temporary suture consisting of individual stitches employed to sustain the proper position of tissues.

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68
Q

Buffer

A

substance capable of neutralizing acids and bases to maintain a constant pH

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69
Q

Bulb syringe

A

self-contained manual pump made from soft rubber designed to create pressure to deliver arterial fluid as it passes through one-way valves located within the bulb.

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70
Q

Cadaver

A

dead human body used for medical purposes

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71
Q

Cadaveric lividity(Livor mortis)

A

intravascular red-blue discoloration resulting from postmortem hypostasis of blood

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72
Q

Cadaveric spasm(Instantaneous rigor)

A

immediate stiffening of the muscles of a dead human body

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73
Q

Calvarium

A

superior portion of the cranium removed during cranial autopsy

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74
Q

Calvarium clamp

A

device used to reattach the calvarium to the cranium after a cranial autopsy

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75
Q

Canalization

A

ormation of new channels in a tissue.

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76
Q

Capillary

A

semi-permeable minute blood vessels allowing for the diffusion of arterial embalming fluid

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77
Q

Carbohydrate

A

compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen that is an aldehyde or ketone derivative of a polyhydroxy alcohol.

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78
Q

Carbuncle

A

circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that ends in suppuration and is accompanied by systemic symptoms

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79
Q

Carcinogen

A

A cancer-causing chemical or material

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80
Q

Case analysis (Embalming analysis)

A

evaluation of the dead body prior to, during, and after the embalming procedure is completed

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81
Q

Cavity embalming

A

direct treatment of the contents of the body cavities and the lumina of the hollow viscera; aspiration and injection of chemicals using a trocar

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82
Q

Cavity fluid

A

concentrated embalming chemical injected into the cavities of the body following the aspiration of the body; can also be used in hypodermic and surface embalming

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83
Q

Cellular death

A

death of the individual cells of the body

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84
Q

Center ofarterial solution distribution

A

ascending aorta and/or arch of the aorta

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85
Q

Center of venous drainage

A

right atrium of the heart

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86
Q

Centrifugal force machine

A

embalming machine that uses an electrical pump to create pulsating and non-pulsating pressure

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87
Q

Chelate

A

substance used as ananticoagulant in embalming solutions that binds metallic ions

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88
Q

Chemotherapy

A

application of chemical agents in the treatment of disease in humans, primarily cancer, causing an elevated preservative demand

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89
Q

Clinical death

A

phase of somatic death lasting from 5-6 minutes during which life may be restored

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90
Q

Closed drainage system

A

procedure that limits exposure to drainage by attaching tubing to a drain tube allowing drainage to flow directly from a vein into a sanitary disposal system

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91
Q

Coagulating agent

A

chemical or physical agent that brings about coagulation

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92
Q

Co-injection fluid

A

primarily used to supplement and enhance the action of vascular (arterial) solutions

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93
Q

Coma

A

death beginning at the brain due to irreversible cessation of brain activity and loss of consciousness

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94
Q

Communicable disease

A

disease that may be transmitted either directly or indirectly between individuals by an infectious agent

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95
Q

Concurrent disinfection

A

disinfection carried out during the embalming process.

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96
Q

Concurrent drainage

A

occurs continuously during vascular injection

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97
Q

Condyle

A

rounded articular process on a bone

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98
Q

Contaminated laundry

A

laundry that has been soiled with blood or other potentially infectious materials

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99
Q

Contaminated sharps

A

any contaminated object that can penetrate the skin including, needles, scalpels, broken glass, and exposed ends of wires

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100
Q

Cornea

A

transparent part of the tunic of the eyeball that covers the iris and pupil and admits light into the interior

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101
Q

Corneal sclera button

A

portion of the cornea recovered for transplantation in situ

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102
Q

Coroner

A

elected or appointed official of a local community who may or may not have medical training and holds inquests concerning sudden, violent, and unexplained deaths

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103
Q

Cosmetic fluid

A

arterial fluid that contains active dyes intended to restore a more natural skin tone

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104
Q

Counterstaining

A

technique using active dye in an attempt to cover internal discolorations such as jaundice

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105
Q

Crepitation

A

crackling sensation produced when gases trapped in tissues are palpated, as in subcutaneous emphysema or tissue gas

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106
Q

Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease/CJD

A

rare degenerative disease of the brain with unknown etiology caused by a prion

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107
Q

Cribriform plate

A

thin, medial portion of the ethmoid bone of the skull used as a point of entry for cranial aspiration

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108
Q

Death

A

irreversible cessation of all vital functions

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109
Q

Death rattle

A

noise made by a moribund person caused by air passing through a residue of mucous in the trachea and posterior oral cavity

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110
Q

Death struggle

A

semi-convulsive twitches that often occur before death.

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111
Q

Decay

A

decomposition of proteins by enzymes of aerobic bacteria

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112
Q

Decedent care report

A

documentation of body conditions and subsequent treatments when sheltering, or preparing a body for visual identification prior to cremation; or for a body received from another facility.

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113
Q

Decomposition

A

separation of compounds into simpler substances by the action of microbial and/or autolytic enzymes

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114
Q

Dehydration

A

loss of moisture from body tissue, which may occur antemortem or postmortem; the removal of water from a substance

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115
Q

Desiccation

A

extreme dehydration often resulting in post-embalming discolorations.

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116
Q

Desquamation (Skin-slip)

A

separation of the epidermis from the underlying dermis as a result of putrefaction

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117
Q

Dialysis

A

separation of substances in solution on the basis of differences in their ability to pass through a semipermeable membrane.

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118
Q

Differential pressure

A

difference between potential and actual pressure

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119
Q

Discoloration

A

any abnormal color in or upon the human body

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120
Q

Disease

A

any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of a body part, organ, or system.

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121
Q

Disinfectant

A

an agent, usually chemical, applied to inanimate objects/surfaces to destroy most disease-causing microbial agents, excluding bacterial spores

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122
Q

Disinfection

A

destruction and/or inhibition of most pathogenic organisms and their products in or on the body

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123
Q

Drain tube

A

drainage instrument used to aid the removal of venous blood

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124
Q

Drainage

A

removal of blood, blood clots, interstitial and lymphatic fluid, and arterial solution during vascular embalming, usually through a vein

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125
Q

Drench shower

A

OSHA-required safety device for a release of a copious amount of water in a short time

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126
Q

Dry gangrene(Ischemic necrosis)

A

necrosis resulting from localized deprivation of arterial blood supply

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127
Q

Ecchymosis

A

bruising discoloration of the skin caused by the escape of blood into the extravascular tissues

128
Q

Edema

A

abnormal accumulation of fluids in tissues or body cavities

129
Q

Electric aspirator

A

device that uses a motor to create suction for the purpose of aspiration

130
Q

Electric spatula(Tissue reducer)

A

electrically-heated blade which may be used to dry moist tissue, reduce swollen tissue, and restore contour to natural form

131
Q

Embalming

A

process of chemically treating the dead human body to reduce the presence and growth of microorganisms, to temporarily inhibit organic decomposition, and to restore an acceptable physical appearance

132
Q

Embalming report

A

detailed listing of body conditions and treatments performed by funeral personnel for all bodies received into a facility for preparation

133
Q

Engineering controls

A

mechanical systems and devices of a facility designed to minimize exposure to occupational hazards

134
Q

Enzyme

A

organic catalyst produced by living cells and capable of autolytic decomposition

135
Q

Excision

A

to remove as by cutting out; the area from which tissue has been removed

136
Q

Exposure incident

A

specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from the performance of an employee’s duties

137
Q

Exsanguination

A

loss of blood to the point where life can no longer be sustained

138
Q

Extravascular

A

outside the blood vascular system.

139
Q

Extrinsic

A

from outside the body

140
Q

Eye enucleation

A

emoval of the eye for tissue transplantation, research and education

141
Q

Eyecap

A

a thin, dome-like plastic shell placed beneath eyelids to restore natural curvature and to maintain the position of posed eyelids

142
Q

Eyewash station

A

OSHA-required emergency safety device providing a steady stream of water for flushing the eye

143
Q

Fatty acid

A

product of decomposition of fats

144
Q

Febrile

A

characterized by a high fever, causing dehydration of the body

145
Q

Fermentation

A

the microbial (enzymatic) decomposition of carbohydrates under anaerobic conditions

146
Q

Fever blister

A

lesion of the mucous membrane of the lip or mouth.

147
Q

Firming

A

rigidity of tissue due to chemical reaction

148
Q

Fixation

A

act of making tissue rigid as a result of protein solidification

149
Q

Fixative

A

agent employed in the preparation of tissues for the purpose of maintaining the existing form of the structure

150
Q

Formaldehyde/HCHO

A

colorless, strong-smelling gas that when used in solution is a powerful preservative and disinfectant; a known carcinogen

151
Q

Formaldehyde demand(Preservative demand)

A

amount of formaldehyde required to effectively preserve remains

152
Q

Formaldehyde gray

A

gray discoloration of the body caused by the reaction of formaldehyde with hemoglobin to form methyl hemoglobin

153
Q

Formaldehyde Rule

A

OSHA (29 CFR 1910.1048) regulation limiting the amount of 1occupational exposure to formaldehyde

154
Q

Gangrene

A

death of body tissues due to deficient or absent blood supply

155
Q

Gas gangrene

A

antemortem form of gangrene, associated with anaerobic gas forming bacilli, most commonly,Clostridium perfringens

156
Q

Gravity filtration

A

extravascular settling of preservative fluids by gravitational force to the dependent areas of the body

157
Q

Gravity injector

A

apparatus used to inject arterial fluid; relies on gravity to create the pressure required to deliver the fluid

158
Q

Gray (Gy)

A

derived unit that measures a dose of absorbed radiation

159
Q

Groove director

A

instrument used to guide drainage devices into veins

160
Q

Hand pump

A

used to create either pressure for injection or vacuum for aspiration

161
Q

Hardening compound

A

chemical in powder form that has the ability to absorb moisture and/or preserve tissue; used in cavity treatment of autopsied cases

162
Q

Hazard Communication Standard

A

OSHA regulation that deals with identifying and limiting exposure to hazardous chemicals within the workplace

163
Q

Hazardous material

A

agent exposing one to risk

164
Q

Hematoma

A

tumor like swelling of blood

165
Q

Heme

A

the red pigment of the hemoglobin

166
Q

Hemoglobin

A

iron-containing pigment of red blood cells functioning to carry oxygen to the cells

167
Q

Hemolysis

A

destruction of red blood cells that releases heme

168
Q

Hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver.

169
Q

Hepatitis B virus/HBV

A

infectious bloodborne virus

170
Q

High-index fluid

A

special arterial fluid with a high HCHO content

171
Q

Human remains

A

body of a deceased person, including cremated remains

172
Q

Humectant(Restorative fluid)

A

chemical that increases the capability of embalmed tissue to retain moisture

173
Q

Hydroaspirator

A

apparatus that utilizes a water supply to create suction and is used to aspirate the contents of the body’s cavities

174
Q

Hydrocele

A

abnormal accumulation of fluids in the scrotal sac

175
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain

176
Q

Hydrolysis

A

decomposition with water as one of the reactants

177
Q

Hydropericardium

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac

178
Q

Hydrothorax

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity

179
Q

Hygroscopic

A

readily absorbing moisture

180
Q

Hypertonic

A

solution having a greater concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared

181
Q

Hypodermic injection

A

injection of embalming chemicals directly into the tissues through the use of a syringe and needle or a trocar

182
Q

Hypostasis

A

process of blood and/or other fluids settling to the dependent portions of the body that can occur in the antemortem, agonal, or postmortem period

183
Q

Hypotonic

A

solution having a lesser concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared

184
Q

Imbibition

A

swelling and softening of tissues and organs as a result of absorbing moisture from adjacent sources

185
Q

Inactive dye

A

agent that will not impart permanent color to tissues; generally used to impart color to a chemical

186
Q

Incision

A

a clean cut into tissue or skin made with a scalpel to access arteries and veins

187
Q

Index

A

strength of embalming fluids indicated by the number of grams of pure formaldehyde gas dissolved in 100 ml of solution; usually refers to a percentage

188
Q

Infant

A

a child less than one year of age

189
Q

Infectious disease

A

condition caused by the growth of a pathogenic microorganism in the body

190
Q

Inferior

A

anatomical term of position and direction denoting towards the feet or underlying structure

191
Q

Inguinal ligament

A

anatomical structure forming the base of the femoral triangle; extends from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle

192
Q

Injection

A

act or instance of forcing a fluid into the vascular system or directly into tissues

193
Q

Injection pressure

A

amount of pressure produced by an injection device to overcome initial intravascular and/or extravascular resistance on or within the vascular system

194
Q

Intercellular

A

between the cells of a structure

195
Q

Intercostal space

A

space between the ribs

196
Q

Intermittent drainage (Restricted drainage)

A

method of drainage in which the drainage is stopped at intervals while the injection continues

197
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

substance in the supporting connective tissues surrounding body cells

198
Q

Intracellular fluid

A

protoplasmic substance inside body cells

199
Q

Intravascular

A

within the blood vascular system

200
Q

Intravascular pressure

A

force created as the flow of embalming solution is established and the arterial walls expand and contract, resulting in filling of the capillary beds and development of pressure filtration.

201
Q

Intrinsic

A

from within the body

202
Q

Isotonic

A

solution having an equal concentration of dissolved solute as the solution to which it is compared

203
Q

Jaundice

A

condition characterized by excessive concentrations of bilirubin in the skin and tissues, cornea, body fluids, and mucous membranes with a resulting yellow appearance.

204
Q

Jaundice fluid

A

low-formaldehyde arterial fluid with bleaching and coloring qualities for use on bodies with jaundice

205
Q

Laceration

A

wound characterized by irregular tearing of tissue

206
Q

Larvicide

A

substance used to kill insect larvae

207
Q

Lateral

A

anatomical term of position and direction denoting away from the midline

208
Q

Lesion

A

abnormal change involving any tissue or organ due to disease or injury

209
Q

Ligate

A

to tie off any vessel or structure upon completion of embalming

210
Q

Linear guide

A

line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some deeper-lying structure

211
Q

Lipolysis

A

decomposition of fats

212
Q

Lumen

A

cavity or opening of a hollow structure

213
Q

Lysin

A

hydrolytic enzyme that acts destructively upon cells and tissues

214
Q

Lysosome

A

organelle within but separate from a cell containing hydrolytic enzymes that break down proteins and certain carbohydrates

215
Q

Maggot

A

insect larva; especially flies

216
Q

Masking agent (Perfuming agent)

A

chemical found in arterial fluid having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one

217
Q

Massage

A

manipulation of tissue in the course of preparation of the body

218
Q

Medial

A

anatomical term of position and direction denoting toward the midline

219
Q

Medical examiner

A

elected or appointed official of a local community, with a medical degree, who holds inquests concerning sudden, violent, and unexplained deaths

220
Q

Microorganism

A

a microscopic organism, especially a bacterium, virus, or fungus

221
Q

Microbial enzyme

A

he enzymes of microorganisms; a source of the enzymes that contribute to decomposition

222
Q

Modifying agent

A

chemical within the arterial fluid to deal with varying demands predicated upon the condition of the deceased, the environment, and the preservative to be used

223
Q

Moist gangrene

A

necrotic tissue resulting from inadequate venous drainage accompanied by the invasion of saprophytic bacteria

224
Q

Mold preventative

A

agent which prohibit the growth of mold

225
Q

Moribund

A

in a dying state; in the agonal period

226
Q

Mortuary putty

A

pliable compound to fix or fill

227
Q

Mouth former

A

feature-setting device placed in the mouth to provide shape and contour to the lips

228
Q

Multi-point injection

A

vascular injection from two or more sites

229
Q

Nasal tube aspirator

A

instrument used to aspirate the throat by means of the nostrils

230
Q

Necrobiosis

A

antemortem, physiological death of the cells of the body followed by their replacement

231
Q

Necrosis

A

pathological death of a tissue still a part of the living organism

232
Q

Needle injector

A

feature-setting device used for mouth closure designed to implant metal pins into bone

233
Q

Nephritis

A

inflammation of the kidneys that can cause an increase in nitrogenous waste

234
Q

Nitrogenous waste

A

metabolic by-products such as urea and uric acid that contain nitrogen, and tend to neutralize formaldehyde

235
Q

Non-cosmetic fluid

A

arterial fluid which does not contain active dyes and will not impart a color change upon the body tissues

236
Q

Occupational exposure

A

reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral, contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of a worker’s duties.

237
Q

One-point injection

A

injection and drainage from one location

238
Q

Osmosis

A

passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser concentration to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane; primary mechanism by which preservation occurs

239
Q

Packing forceps

A

embalming instrument used to fill the external orifices of the body with an absorbent material

240
Q

Palpate

A

to examine by touch

241
Q

Parenteral

A

introduced into body by piercing mucous membranes or the skin barrier through such events as needlesticks, human bites, cuts and abrasions

242
Q

Petechia

A

antemortem, pinpoint, extravascular blood discoloration visible as purplish hemorrhages on the skin

243
Q

Pharmaceutical agent

A

drug or medicine that changes the biochemistry of the blood

244
Q

Pitting edema

A

interstitial spaces contain such excessive amounts of fluid that the skin remains depressed after palpation

245
Q

Plastic garments

A

used to contain leakage and manage odors; different types include pants, coveralls, stockings, sleeves, Capri pants, and unionalls

246
Q

Positioning device

A

equipment used to position the body before, during, and after decedent care

247
Q

Posterior

A

position and direction denoting toward the back

248
Q

Postmortem

A

period that begins after somatic death

249
Q

Postmortem caloricity

A

rise in body temperature after death due to continued cellular metabolism

250
Q

Postmortem chemical change

A

change in the body’s chemical composition that occurs after death

251
Q

Postmortem physical change

A

forces of nature that act on the body to alter the physical state of the body or tissues after death

252
Q

Postmortem stain

A

extravascular discoloration that occurs when heme seeps through the vessel walls and into the body tissues

253
Q

Potential pressure

A

pressure indicated by the injector gauge needle when the embalming machine is running and the rate of flow is closed

254
Q

Preparation room

A

area or facility wherein embalming, dressing, cosmetizing, or general decedent care is performed

255
Q

Preservative

A

a chemical that inactivates saprophytic bacteria and attempts to arrest decomposition by converting body tissue to a form less susceptible to decomposition

256
Q

Preservative powder

A

chemical in powder form typically used for surface embalming of the remains

257
Q

Pressure filtration

A

passive transport system enabling the passage of arterial solution from the capillary to the tissue fluid

258
Q

Primary dilution

A

strength of the arterial solution mixed in the embalming machine

259
Q

Primary disinfection

A

disinfection carried out prior to the embalming process

260
Q

Procurement

A

the recovery of organs or tissues from a cadaver for transplantation

261
Q

Protein

A

biochemical compound that is a polymer of many amino acids

262
Q

Proteolysis

A

decomposition of proteins

263
Q

Ptomaine

A

any one of a group of nitrogenous organic compounds formed by the action of putrefactive bacteria on proteins

264
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

fibrocartilage that joins the two pubic bones in the median plane

265
Q

Purge

A

postmortem evacuation of any substance from anexternal orifice of the body as a result of pressure

266
Q

Pus

A

liquid product of inflammation

267
Q

Putrefaction

A

decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria

268
Q

Rate of flow

A

speed at which solution is injected; measured in ounces per minute

269
Q

Razor burn

A

a darkened, air-dried area on the skin resulting from removal of the epidermis while shaving

270
Q

Reaspiration

A

repeated aspiration of a cavity

271
Q

Restoration

A

treatment of the deceased in the attempt to recreate natural form and color

272
Q

Restricted cervical injection

A

method of injection wherein both common carotid arteries are initially raised to control entry of arterial solution into the head

273
Q

Rigor mortis

A

postmortem stiffening of the body muscles by natural body processes

274
Q

Saccharolysis

A

decomposition of sugars

275
Q

Sanitation

A

process to promote and establish conditions which minimize or eliminate biohazards

276
Q

Saponification

A

conversion of fatty tissues of the body into a soapy waxy substance called adipocere or grave wax

277
Q

Saprophytic bacteria

A

bacteria that derive their nutrition from dead organic matter

278
Q

Scalpel

A

general embalming instrument used to make incisions and excisions

279
Q

Sealing agent

A

material used to provide a barrier or seal against leakage of fluid or blood

280
Q

Secondary dilution

A

weakening of the strength of the arterial solution by vascular and interstitial fluids

281
Q

Septicemia

A

condition characterized by the presence of bacteria in the blood

282
Q

Sequestering agent

A

chemical agent that isolates metal ions so they cannot adversely react with blood or water

283
Q

Sharps container

A

OSHA-required, puncture-resistant, leak-proof receptacle for proper disposal of sharp objects

284
Q

Shell embalming

A

vascular embalming in which only the skin and superficial portions of the body receive arterial solution

285
Q

Solute

A

a substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution; the component of a solution present in a lesser amount

286
Q

Solution

A

a homogeneous mixture of one or more substances (solutes) dissolved in a sufficient quantity of solvent

287
Q

Solution diffusion (arterial solution diffusion)

A

passage of some components of the injected 16arterial solution from an intravascular to an extravascular location; movement of the arterial 17solution from the capillaries into the interstitial fluids and subsequently the cells

288
Q

Solutiondistribution (arterial solution distribution)

A

movement of solution from the point of injection throughout the arterial system and into the capillaries.

289
Q

Solvent

A

a substance that does the dissolving in a solution; the component of a solution present in a greater amount

290
Q

Somatic death

A

death of the organism as a whole

291
Q

Split injection

A

injection from one site and drainage from a separate site

292
Q

Sterilization

A

a process of completely removing or destroying all life forms and/or their products on or in a substance

293
Q

Stillborn

A

dead at birth

294
Q

Subcutaneous

A

situated or occurring beneath the skin

295
Q

Superficial

A

anatomical term of position and direction denoting near the surface

296
Q

Superior

A

anatomical term of position and direction denoting towards the head or elevated in place or position

297
Q

Supplemental fluid

A

fluid injected for purposes other than preservation and disinfection

298
Q

Surface compress

A

a wet or dry cloth applied firmly to a body part

299
Q

Surface embalming

A

direct contact of body tissues with embalming chemicals

300
Q

Surface discoloration

A

discoloration due to the deposit of matter on the skin surface

301
Q

Surface pack

A

absorbent material or compress saturated with an embalming chemical and placed in direct contact with the tissue

302
Q

Surfactant

A

chemical that reduces the molecular cohesion and surface tension of a liquid so it can flow through smaller apertures

303
Q

Tardieu spots

A

postmortem extravascular blood discoloration caused by the rupture of minute vessels as blood settles into the dependent areas of the body

304
Q

Terminal disinfection

A

disinfection carried out after the embalming process

305
Q

Tissue gas

A

postmortem formation of gas associated with anaerobic gas forming bacilli, most commonly, Clostridium perfringens

306
Q

Topical disinfection

A

disinfection of the surface of the body or an object

307
Q

Transverse

A

anatomical term of position and direction denoting lying at right angles to the long axis of the body

308
Q

Trocar

A

sharply-pointed aspirating instrument used in cavity embalming to remove gases, liquids, and semi-solids from the body cavities and hollow organs and inject cavity fluid

309
Q

Trocar button

A

plastic, threaded screw-like device for sealing punctures

310
Q

Trocar guide

A

an anatomical structure or a line visualized on the surface of the body used to locate internal structures for cavity embalming

311
Q

Universal precautions

A

an approach to infection control in which all human blood and certain 28human body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious

312
Q

Vacuum breaker

A

apparatus that prevents the back-siphoning of contaminated liquids into potable water supply lines or plumbing cross-connections within the preparation room

313
Q

Vehicle

A

liquid that serves as a solvent for embalming fluids

314
Q

Viscera

A

internal organs enclosed within a cavity

315
Q

Viscosity

A

the thickness of a liquid

316
Q

Water conditioner

A

agent used to remove elements from the water supply

317
Q

Work practice controls

A

procedures that reduce the likelihood of exposure to a hazard by altering the manner in which a task is performed

embalming techniques terms (1 decks)

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