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Surg Recall > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Carcinoid Syndrome

Symptoms / mnemonic

A

B FDR

Bronchospasm
Flushing
Diarrhea
Right sided heart failure

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2
Q

HITT syndrome

A

Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenic Thrombosis

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3
Q

What causes Red Man Syndrome

A

Vancomycin

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4
Q

Trousseau’s syndrome

A

Syndrome of DVT associated with carcinoma

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5
Q

What electrolyte deficiency causes ileus

A

Hypokalemia

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6
Q

MCC of transfusion related death

A

Error in typing

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7
Q

Two types of pickups

A

DeBakey

Adson

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8
Q

Which pickups has teeth?

A

Adson

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9
Q

Difference between Mayo and Iris scissors

A

Iris: smaller and sharper point

Mayo: thicker and more dull point

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10
Q

What does a Kelly clamp look like?

A

Longer, thin, curved tip

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11
Q

What does a Babcock clamp look like?

A

Small, triangular tip

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12
Q

Which clamp is best for fascia / “heavy” tissue?

A

Kocher

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13
Q

What does an Allis clamp look like?

A

Has teeth at the end of its longer neck

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14
Q

Name of most common suction tip

A

Yankaur

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15
Q

The “sweetheart” retractor with the heart shaped end is aka what?

A

Harrington

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16
Q

What are the 5 types of retractors?

A

Deaver

Harrington aka Sweetheart

Army-Navy

Richardson / RICH

malleable

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17
Q

What are the 2 types of catgut sutures?

A

Chromic and Plain

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18
Q

Difference between chromic gut and plain gut?

A

Chromic gut is more resistant to breakdown by the body

due to being treated with chromium salts

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19
Q

What type of sutures are braided?

A

Vicryl

Silk PDS

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20
Q

Are Vicryl sutures absorbable?

A

Yes

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21
Q

How much of a Vicryl suture’s strength is retained at 2 and 4 weeks?

A

2 weeks = 60%

4 weeks = 8%

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22
Q

Are PDS sutures absorbable?

A

Yes

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23
Q

Are catgut sutures absorbable?

A

No

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24
Q

How long for complete absorption of PDS sutures?

A

6 months

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25
Q

What are the non absorbable sutures?

A

Silk
Nylon
Prolene
Catguts

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26
Q

What suture is the “fishing line” suture

A

Nylon

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27
Q

What is healing by tertiary intention?

A

Wound left open for a time, closed later

Aka Delayed primary

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28
Q

What is a retention suture?

A

Large suture (i.e. #2) that is full thickness thru entire abdominal wall except for the peritoneum

Used to buttress an abdominal would at risk for dehiscence and evisceration

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29
Q

How many days until abdominal sutures should be removed?

A

7 days

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30
Q

What patient population should sutures be left in longer?

A

On steroids

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31
Q

Where is a Pfannenstiel incision?

A

Low transverse abdominal

Rectus abdominus is retracted laterally

32
Q

When does third spacing tend to resolve?

A

POD 3

33
Q

Classic signs of third spacing

A

Tachycardia

Decreased urine output

34
Q

Classic acid-base finding with significant vomiting / NG?

A

Hypokalemic and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis

35
Q

Maintenance IV fluids equation

A

4 mL/kg for first 10kg

2 mL/kg for next 10kg

1mL/kg for every kg left

36
Q

Most common adult maintenance IVF

A

D5 1/2 NS with 20 mEq KCl/L

37
Q

Minimum urine output for adults on maintenance IVF

A

30 mL/hour

or 0.5cc/kg/hr

38
Q

Normal K+ range and critical high

A

3.5 to 5

Critical >6.5

39
Q

Acronym for treatment of acute symptomatic kyperkalemia

A

CB DIAL K

Calcium Bicarb

Dialysis
Insulin or dextrose
Albuterol
Lasix

Kayexalate

40
Q

Which do you replace first? Mg or K+

A

MAG

41
Q

Major consequence of lowering hypernatremia too fast?

A

Seizures from cerebral edema

42
Q

Major consequence of raising hyponatremia too fast?

A

Central pontine myelinolysis

43
Q

Symptoms of hypercalcemia

A

Stones, bones, groans, psychiatric overtones

44
Q

One unit RBCs raises Hematocrit by how much?

A

~3 to 4%

45
Q

What electrolyte is most likely to fall with the infusion of stored blood?

A

Ionized Ca2+

46
Q

What should platelet count be pre op?

A

> 50,000

47
Q

When should prophylactic platelet transfusion be given?

A

<10,000

48
Q

What type of fluid is infused with PRBCs?

A

NS only

49
Q

What should you do for hemolytic infusions reaction?

A
  1. STOP the transfusion
  2. Give fluids
  3. Give Lasix
  4. Give Bicarb
  5. Pressors PRN
50
Q

What is in Zosyn?

A

Piperacillin and Tazobactam

51
Q

What is in Unasyn?

A

Ampicillin and Sulbactam

52
Q

3rd gen cephalosporin with strong anti-pseudomonal activity

A

Ceftazidime

53
Q

Preop stress dose for steroids

A

100mg hydrocortisone IV q 8 hours with a taper

54
Q

What reverses heparin?

A

Protamine in 1:100 ratio

55
Q

Med to help with promethazine-induced dystonia?

A

Benadryl

56
Q

Inpatient, should cipro be given IV or PO to a pt with regular diet?

A

PO — cheaper, easier, good bioavailability

57
Q

MOST COMMON CAUSE POST OP FEVER DURING POD DAYS 1 AND 2

A

ATELECTASIS

58
Q

What pt population should you be careful giving supplemental O2 to?

A

COPD

Can reduce respiratory drive

59
Q

Virchow’s triad

A

Stasis
Endothelial injury
Hypercoagulable state

60
Q

CXR finding for PE?

A

Westermark sign

Wedge-shaped area of decreased vasculature resulting in hyperlucency

61
Q

Oliguria parameters

A

50 to 400 cc daily urine output

62
Q

Anuria parameters

A

<50cc urine output daily

63
Q

You get paged your post op pt is hypotensive suddenly. WYD

A

Examine for possible causes (PE, bleeding, pneumothorax, tamponade, meds, sepsis)

Look for hypoxia, heart sounds/bowl sounds

Do: fluid bolus, order CXR, EKG, O2, CBC/CMP/ABGs/T&C as needed

64
Q

Common causes of post op HTN

A

Pain, anxiety, hypercapnea/hypoxia, urinary retention

65
Q

5 types of shock

A
  1. Hypovolemic
  2. Septic
  3. Cardiogenic
  4. Neurogenic
  5. Anaphylactic
66
Q

What are the 2 best indicators of tissue perfusion?

A

Urine output

Mental status

67
Q

EARLY signs of hypovolemic shock

A

Orthostatic hypotension
Diaphoresis and anxiety
Decreased pulse pressure from increased diastolic BP

68
Q

Why the decreased pulse pressure with early hypovolemic shock?

A

Vasoconstriction results in elevated diastolic BP which lowers the PP

69
Q

Most common vital sign change in early hypovolemic shock

A

Tachycardia

70
Q

What constitutes septic shock?

A

Documented bacterial infection + hypotension

71
Q

What is SIRS

A

Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

Fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, leukocytosis

72
Q

On what POD can you scan for a peritoneal abscess and why?

A

POD #7

Earlier and the abscess will look like normal post op fluid collection

73
Q

POD #1, has fever and wound infection. What Organism?

A

Strep

Or clostridium

74
Q

5 Classic Ws of post op fevers

A
  1. Wind - atelectasis
  2. Water - UTI
  3. Wound - infection
  4. Walking - DVT/PE/thrombophlebitis
  5. Wonder drugs - drug fever
75
Q

5 Ws and the timeframe they present with fevers

A
  1. Wind - POD #1-2
  2. Water - POD #3+
  3. Wound - POD #5 (can be anytime really)
  4. Walking - POD #7-10
  5. Wonder drugs - any time
76
Q

What to order for post op fever workup

A

Physical exam

CXR, CBC, UA, Cultures

77
Q

Post op fever causes <24 hours post op

A

Atelectasis, strep or clostridium infection, cytokines release, anastomotic leak

Surg Recall (1 decks)

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