Terminology Pt. 2

Question 1

A _____ is a named identifier with an associated value that changes throughout the execution of an application or program.

Answer 1

Variable

Question 2

Once a _____ is defined in your program, the value can be changed if and when needed to suit the flow of your code.

Answer 2

Variable

Question 3

A _____ is a named identifier with an associated value that does not change throughout the execution of an application or program.

Answer 3

Constant

Question 4

In contrast to variables, which vary and change throughout the execution of an application, _____ are fixed, and cannot be altered.

Answer 4

Constants

Question 5

A specific kind of data item, defined by the values it can accept, the programming language in question, and/or the operations that can be performed on it.

Answer 5

Data types

Question 6

Common _____ _____ include integers (simple numbers), floating point numbers (decimal-based numbers), Boolean values (TRUE or FALSE) and strings (a series or “string” of alphanumeric characters like a word, sentence, or paragraph), among many others.

Answer 6

Data types

Question 7

Simple numbers

Answer 7

Integers

Question 8

Decimal-based numbers

Answer 8

Floating point numbers

Question 9

TRUE or FALSE

Answer 9

Boolean values

Question 10

A series of alphanumeric characters like a word, sentence, or paragraph.

Answer 10

String

Question 11

A _____ _____ is a specialized format for organizing and storing data in a manner that best suits the purpose the data is to be used for.

Answer 11

Data structure

Question 12

Common _____ _____ in programming include arrays, tables, records, trees, and more.

Answer 12

Data structures

Question 13

An _____ refers to a combination of related variables, constants, functions (also known as methods), and data structures that can be accessed and managed collectively.

Answer 13

Object

Question 14

Also known as a method.

Answer 14

Function

Question 15

_____ refers to the visibility of functions, methods, and variables in one part of a program to another part of the same program.

Answer 15

Scope

Question 16

_____ _____ is in which visibility is limited to the parent function or method.

Answer 16

Local scope

Question 17

_____ _____ is in which visibility is unrestricted.

Answer 17

Global scope

Question 18

_____ is a simplified shorthand for programming languages used to outline the intent and flow of a program before writing and debugging actual code.

Answer 18

Pseudocode

Question 19

When code must make a choice as to which way to proceed, _____ process those decisions.

Answer 19

Conditionals

Question 20

An _____ is a mathematical statement that consists of variables, numbers, and operations, and resolves into a specific value.

Answer 20

Expression

Question 21

A sequence of instructions that are continually repeated until a certain condition is reached.

Answer 21

Loop

Question 22

_____ _____ is the concept of separating your program’s functionality into independent modules that hide their inner workings behind a public interface or API.

Answer 22

Modular code

Question 23

An _____ is a set of programming instructions and standards for accessing the functionality of an operating system, software application, or utility.

Answer 23

API

Question 24

What does API stand for?

Answer 24

Application Programming Interface

Question 25

A _____ is a piece of executable code that's passed as an argument to other code statements, and is expected to execute at a specific time.

Answer 25

Callback

Question 26

A callback that is immediate.

Answer 26

Synchronous (or blocking) callback

Question 27

A callback that is meant to occur at a later time.

Answer 27

Asynchronous (or deferred) callback

Question 28

_____ _____ means approaching large problems by breaking them down into smaller, discrete steps, and describing specific objects into clearly defined values that a computer can understand.

Answer 28

Programmatic thinking

Question 29

A _____ is a function within a function, stored as a variable.

Answer 29

Closure

Question 30

Unlike normal functions, _____ have a persistent scope that hold onto local variables even after your program has moved out of the code block they're defined within.

Answer 30

Closures

Question 31

_____ _____ require you to build your code into a self-contained binary application before it can be distributed an run.

Answer 31

Compiled languages

Question 32

C, C++, and Swift are examples of _____ _____.

Answer 32

Compiled languages

Question 33

_____ _____ are run by the language's interpreter on the host machine by reading the code directly, and providing instructions to the computer to execute the program.

Answer 33

Interpreted languages

Question 34

Python, PHP, and JavaScript are examples of _____ _____.

Answer 34

Interpreted languages

Question 35

Code _____ is the process of restructuring existing code without altering its external behavior.

Answer 35

Refactoring

Question 36

_____ is often used to improve non-functional areas of software, or to improve the performance or utility of specific areas of software.

Answer 36

Refactoring

Question 37

An _____ is a development tool (or collection of tools ) used to develop for particular languages, including code editors, compilers, debuggers, and other utilities.

Answer 37

IDE (Integrated Development Environment)

Question 38

What does IDE stand for?

Answer 38

Integrated Development Environment

Question 39

Popular _____ include Apple's Xcode, Microsoft's Visual Studio, and Java's IntelliJ, NetBeans, and Eclipse.

Answer 39

IDEs