Terminology of the Glomerulus Flashcards
What is Azotemia?
BLOOD BUN and Creatinine Levels are elevated
***Indicative of decreased GFR
Differentiate Prerenal and Postrenal Azotemia.
Prerenal Azotemia:
• When there is Hypoperfusion of the kidneys which decreases the GFR despite there being NO PARENCHYMAL DAMAGE
Postrenal Azotemia:
• Urine Flow is Obstructed BELOW THE LEVEL OF THE KIDNEY
• Relief of the Obstruction is followed by correction of the Azotemia
What is Uremia?
When azotemia gives rise to clinical manifestations and systemic biochemical Abnormalities
What is the difference in Diffuse and Focal Glomerular Disease?
- Diffuse - involves MOST of the Glomeruli
* Focal - involves only SOME but NOT MOST of the glomeruli
Differentiate Global and Segemental Glomerular changes.
- Global changes involve the ENTIRE glomerulus
* Segmental changes involves only A PART of the glomerulus
Differentiate the following types of glomerular disease.
• Proliferative
• Membranous
• Membranoproliferative
Proliferative:
•Increased Cells with inflammation
Membranous:
• Increased Glomerular Basement Membrane (WITHOUT increased cells)
Membranoproliferative:
• Combo of Proliferative and Membranous
What is Crescentric Glomerulonephritis?
Involves Bowman’s (urinary) Space with proliferation of:
• Parietal Epithelium
• Infiltrating Macrophages
What is Glomerulosclerosis?
• segmental glomerulosclerosis?
- Fibrous Scar Replaces Glomerulus
* in segmental Glomerulosclerosis the scar only replaces some of the glomerulus
What disease is referred to by Foot Process Effacement?
• Minimal Change Disease
What disease is referred to by Spike and Dome?
• Membranous Nephropathy
What disease is referred to by subepithelial humps?
• Post-glomerulonephritis
What disease is referred to by Tram Tracks?
• Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
What disease is referred to by a Basket Weave?
• Alport Syndrome
What disease is referred to by Wire Loops?
• Lupus Nephritis
What disease is referred to by Onion Skinning?
• Malignant HTN
