Terminology + Localization

Question 1

The process by which we locate and restrict pathology to a specific location or structure of the nervous system

Answer 1

Localization

Question 2

breakdown of muscle due to injury

Answer 2

rhabdomyolysis

Question 3

inflammation of the muscle

Answer 3

myositis

Question 4

loss of reflexes is associated with what kind of lesion?

Answer 4

lower motor neuron

Question 5

loss or injury to a neuron

Answer 5

neuronopathy

Question 6

loss of neurons in the ganglia

Answer 6

ganglionopathy

Question 7

injury to the spinal cord

Answer 7

myelopathy

Question 8

inflammation of the spinal cord

Answer 8

myelitis

Question 9

increased velocity-dependent tone

Answer 9

spasticity

Question 10

Signs of a spinal cord injury (general)

Answer 10

myelopathy/myelitis, UMN signs (hyperreflexia, UMN pattern of weakness, babinski sign, determine level)

Question 11

disease of the nerve

Answer 11

neuropathy

Question 12

disease of a cranial nerve

Answer 12

cranial neuropathy

Question 13

inflammation of a peripheral nerve

Answer 13

neuritis

Question 14

injury of a plexus

Answer 14

plexopathy

Question 15

inflammation of the plexus

Answer 15

plexitis

Question 16

injury to the nerve root

Answer 16

radiculopathy

Question 17

temporary change in mental status, often accompanied by confusion, hallucination, delusions, and speech changes

Answer 17

delirium

Question 18

AMS/confusion due to a change in brain structure or function

Answer 18

encephalopathy

Question 19

inflammation of the brain often accompanied by signs of encephalopathy or delirium

Answer 19

encephalitis

Question 20

Unable to recognize sensory information despite intact senses

Answer 20

agnosia

Question 21

can’t recognize own deficits

Answer 21

anosognosia

Question 22

cortical blindness without realizing it

Answer 22

Anton’s syndrome

Question 23

can’t hear but should be able to

Answer 23

cortical deafness

Question 24

can’t recognize fingers

Answer 24

finger agnosia

Question 25

can't process the whole

Answer 25

simultagnosia

Question 26

can't recognize an object by feel

Answer 26

astereognosia

Question 27

can't recognize a number traced on the hand

Answer 27

agraphesthesia

Question 28

can't name/recognize colors

Answer 28

color agnosia

Question 29

non-fluent aphasia

Answer 29

expressive aphasia

Question 30

impaired repetition of speech

Answer 30

conduction aphasia

Question 31

spared repetition of speech

Answer 31

transcortical aphasia

Question 32

naming and repetition impaired

Answer 32

logopenic aphasia

Question 33

words lose meaning

Answer 33

semantic aphasia

Question 34

can't do previously learned math

Answer 34

acalculia

Question 35

deficit in motor planning and ability to perform a previously learned motor task

Answer 35

apraxia

Question 36

can't reach for an object under visual guidance

Answer 36

optic apraxia

Question 37

inability to move eyes to a new point

Answer 37

oculomotor apraxia

Question 38

can't copy a structure

Answer 38

construction apraxia

Question 39

magnetic gait aka

Answer 39

gait apraxia

Question 40

inability to perform a specific learned task

Answer 40

ideomotor apraxia

Question 41

impairment in sequence to carry out a task

Answer 41

ideational apraxia

Question 42

classic area affected in Hemiballismus

Answer 42

subthalamic nucleus

Question 43

D1 receptors signal _____

Answer 43

direct pathway; "go"

Question 44

D2 receptors signal ______

Answer 44

indirect pathway; "stop"

Question 45

Where is parkinsonism classically seen

Answer 45

substantia nigra

Question 46

violent hyperkinetic movements

Answer 46

hemiballism

Question 47

involuntary rhythmic oscillating movement

Answer 47

tremor

Question 48

voluntary uncontrolled movments

Answer 48

dyskinesia

Question 49

restlessness or inability to remain still

Answer 49

akathisia

Question 50

non-velocity dependent increase in tone

Answer 50

rigidity

Question 51

brief, rapid, involuntary, and irregular twitch or contractions

Answer 51

myoclonus

Question 52

abnormal writhing movements

Answer 52

athetosis

Question 53

unpleasant or abnormal sensation of touch

Answer 53

dyesthesia

Question 54

numbness aka

Answer 54

hypoesthesia

Question 55

increase in sensitivity

Answer 55

hyperesthesia

Question 56

abnormal writhing movements due to loss of joint position

Answer 56

pseudoathetosis

Question 57

lack of coordination w undershoot or overshoot of movements

Answer 57

dysmetria

Question 58

impaired rapid alternating movements

Answer 58

dysdiadochokinesia

Question 59

dysarthria with speech sound broken up into separate syllables

Answer 59

scanning speech

Question 60

unequal pupils

Answer 60

anisocoria

Question 61

lower facial weakness, forehead spared

Answer 61

central facial palsy

Question 62

upper and lower facial weakness

Answer 62

peripheral facial palsy

Question 63

impaired adduction of eye due to MLF lesion

Answer 63

internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO)