Terminology Class 1-3 Flashcards
BLS
Basic Life Support
CISD
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing
Standing orders which allow the EMTs to provide care without direct contact with the physician.
Off-Line
Direct order received from the physician to provide care. Maybe requested at any time.
On-Line
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment
Written operating procedures policies to provide guidelines for patient care.
Protocol
ALS
Advanced Life Support
Abandonment
Termination of care without assurance that an equal or greater level of care will continue.
Acromion
The outer part of the shoulder blade. It forms the highest point of the shoulder and connects with the collarbone.
Acute
Beginning quickly. Sudden onset.
Alveeoli
Microscopic air sacs where most oxygen and carbon dioxide gas exchanges take place
Anatomical position
Standing up right facing forward with palms forward
Anterior
Front
Arteries
Vessels that carry blood from the heart to the body tissues
Autonomic nervous system
Parts of the nervous system that controls the involuntary functions of the body
Axilla
A pyramid shaped space forming the underside of the shoulder between the upper part of the arm and the side of the chest. The armpit.
Bilateral
On both sides
Brachial
Artery of the upper arm
Bradypnea
Slow respiratory rate
Bronchi
The two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs
CNS
Central nervous system - the brain and the spinal cord
Capillary
A thin walled, microscopic blood vessel or oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body cells take place
Carbon dioxide
CO2
Carotid
The large neck arteries that carry blood from the heart to the head
Central nervous system
CNS – the brain and spinal cord
Chronic
A persistent and lasting disease or medical condition, or one that has developed slowly
Coccyx
Tailbone
Constriction
Get smaller
Cricoid Carilage
The ring shaped structure that circles the trachea at the lower edge of the larynx
Cyanosis
A blue or gray color resulting from lack of oxygen in the body
DNR
Do not resuscitate
Definitive care
Care that will improve, rather than simply stabilize, a patient’s condition. (Surgery or other care provided in the hospital).
Dermis
The middle layer of skin that contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, other structures.
Diaphoretic
Sweaty
Diaphragm
Muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. A major muscle of respiration.
Dilate
Get larger
Distal
Farther from the midline
Dorsalis pedis
Arteries supplying the foot, lateral to the large tendon of the big toe.
Dysphasia
Difficulty speaking
Dysphagia
Difficulty eating or swallowing
Endocrine
Cause changes within the body by producing chemicals called hormones. Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid and parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, parts of the pancreas.
Epidermis
The outer layer of skin
Epigastrium
The upper central region of the abdomen.
Epiglottis
Leaf shaped structure which prevents food and foreign matter from entering the trachea
Expressed consent
Patient of legal age. Patient must be informed. Must be obtained from conscious, competent adults.
Femoral
The major artery supplying the thigh and leg
Femur
Upper leg bone. The thighbone.
Fibula
The smaller of the two bones in the lower leg. Located lateral and posterior to the tibia
Fowler’s
A position in which the patient is placed in a semi-sitting position.
High Fowler’s – patient is placed sitting straight upright.
Humerus
The bone of your upper arm
Hypoperfusion
Decreased blood flow through an organ or tissues. Shock.
Hypothermia
When the core temperature of the body falls below 95°F (35°C).
Hypovolemia
A state of decreased blood volume. Common causes are: dehydration, bleeding, vomiting, severe burns, and certain drugs.
Implied consent
Assumption that the patient would agree to medical care if able
Inferior
Below.
The ankle is __________ to the hip.
Intercostal
Several groups of muscles that run between the ribs, and help form and move the chest wall. Used as accessory muscles of respiration.
Ischemia
Poor blood supply to an organ or part of the body which causes a lack of oxygen and nutrients. It also causes a harmful build up of waste products in the organ or part of the body.
Larynx
The voice box
Lateral
Farther from the midline.
An EpiPen is administered to the furthest thigh.
Ligament
Connects bones to bones
Lumbar
The lower back. 5 vertebrae. One of the most commonly injured areas of the back.
Medial
Closer to the midline.
EXAMPLE:
The patient has a gunshot wound on the _________ aspect of the right leg 2 inches proximal to the knee (the patient was shot 2 inches above the knee on the inside of the leg)
Medical control
Off-line
Standard orders which allow the EMTs to provide care without direct contact with a physician.
On-line
Direct order received from the physician to provide care. Maybe requested at any time.
Medical director
Physician who authorizes the EMTs in the service to provide medical care in the field
Nasopharyngeal
Nasal trumpet. On airway device placed into the nose. Used when a patient has a gag reflex and is unable to maintain an open airway.
Negligence
The omission of care usual under the circumstances.
4 elements necessary to prove negligence
- ) duty to act
- ) breach of the duty
- ) injury or damage is inflicted
- ) actions or omissions caused damages
Oropharynx
The area directly posterior to the mouth
Patella
Kneecap
Perfusion
The adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the organs and tissues of the body with the removal of waste products
Peripheral nervous system
The nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord
Pharynx
The part of the neck and throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity includes the oropharynx and the nasopharynx
Plasma
Fluid that carries blood cells and nutrients. Makes up over half the volume of blood.
Platelet
The cells circulating in the blood that are involved in the formation of blood clots
Posterior
Closer to the spine. Dorsal.
Prone
Laying facedown
Proximal
Closer to the midline.
The elbow is __________ to the rest
Pulmonary artery
Carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood
Pulmonary vein
Carries blood from the lungs to the left atrium. The only vein that carries oxygenated blood.
Radial
Artery which runs along the thumb side of the interest. Commonly used to check patient’s pulse.
Recovery position
On the side. Used when treating a patient with no possible spinal injuries and the ability to control their own airway.
Sacral
A large, triangular bone at the base of the spine and that the upper and back part of the pelvic cavity. 5 bones which fuse into 1.
Scapula
Shoulder blade
Scope of practice
Defines the procedures, actions, and processes that are permitted for the licensed individual.
You absolutely cannot do anything that is outside of this!
Shock position
Head and torso are supine and the lower extremities are elevated 6 to 12 inches.
Sternocleidomastoid
Muscle found on each side of the neck lateral to the trachea. Accessory muscles of respiration.
Subclavian
Below the clavicle (collarbone).
Subcutaneous
Beneath or under the skin
Subdiaphragmatic
Below the diaphragm
Supine
Laying face up
Tachycardia
A heart rate greater than 100
Tendon
Attaches muscle to bone
Tibia
The shinbone
Trachea
Windpipe. The structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs.
Ulna
Bone of the forearm. Located on the medial side (pinky side).
Vein
A vessel which carries blood towards the heart. The pulmonary vein is the only vein that carries oxygenated blood.
Vena cava
The veins immediately superior and inferior to the heart.
Superior empties blood from the head and upper extremities into the right atrium.
Inferior empties blood from the abdomen and lower extremities into the right atrium.
Ventricle
That main pumping chambers of the heart.
The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body.
Vessel
Transports blood throughout the body. Arteries, veins, capillaries.
Cardiac conduction
System that has specialized tissue that produces rhythmic electrical impulses
What type of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the central nervous system and brain?
Skeletal
Smooth muscles
Muscles that control the size of the bronchioles
Maxilla
The facial bone
Bradycardia
A slow heart rate; any pulse rate below 60 bpm
Diastolic
The bottom number in a blood pressure reading. When they left ventricle relaxes and refills
Log-roll
The controlled movement of a patient onto other side (lateral position) for the purpose of assessment or placement of the patient onto a long spine board.
Palpation
Used as a part of a physical examination in which an object is felt to determine its size, shape, firmness, or location.
Rapid extrication
A technique to move a patient from a sitting position inside a vehicle to supine on a backboard in less than 1 minute when conditions do not allow for standard immobilization
Sphygmomanometer
Blood pressure cuff
Tachypnea
A rapid respiratory rate
