Terminology and Foundations

Question 1

Define articulation

Answer 1

Totality of motor movements involved in production of the actual sounds that comprise speech

Question 2

What is an allophone

Answer 2

Variations in phoneme realizations, in phones, that do not change the meaning of a word when they are produced in differing contexts

Question 3

What are minimal pairs

Answer 3

Words that differ by only one sound

Question 4

What are Phonotactics?

Answer 4

Allowable combinations of phones in a language

Question 5

What is the difference between a delay vs a disorder

Answer 5

Delay: Suggests the skills may need some “catch up”, skills are lower than peers, consistent with typical errors

Disorder: Skills are MARKEDLY lower than same-aged peers, atypical errors, Not following an expected developmental sequence

Question 6

Define Form and Function, and assign each one to phonological and articulation disorders

Answer 6

Form: the physical and motor process of producing sounds

Function: The meaning and use of speech

Articulation = Form
Phonological = Function

Question 7

Define Articulation disorders

Answer 7

The atypical production of phones is characterized by substitutions, omissions, additions, or distortions that may interfere with intelligibility

Question 8

Define Phonological Disorders

Answer 8

The impaired comprehension of the sound system of a language and the rules that govern these sound combinations (eg. final consonant deletion, cluster reduction)

Question 9

What is the most common phonological process and what age is common elimination of this process?

Answer 9

Fronting, age 3.5