Terminology Flashcards
Ostium
opening into a vessel or cavity of the body. Like fallopian tube ostium at the infundibulum
The basal lamina is a layer of extracellular matrix secreted by the epithelial cells, on which the epithelium sits. It is often incorrectly referred to as the basement membrane, though it does constitute a portion of the basement membrane
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Apocrine
exocrine glands when the release of secretory materials is accompanied with loss of part of cytoplasm.
Merocrine
cell is classified as merocrine if the secretions of that cell are excreted via exocytosis from secretory cells into an epithelial-walled duct or ducts and then onto a bodily surface or into the lumen.
Moving toward or away from a atimulus
Taxis
Ex: chemotaxis
Inflammatory infiltrate definition
1) A microscopic finding indicating the presence of acute, subacute or chronic inflammation in a tissue sample.
2) Inflammatory cell infiltration occurs when inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, plasmacytes, macrophages and mast cells infiltrate around the blood vessels (perivascular infiltration)
Chronic infiltrate means
The cell types that characterize what pathologists term chronic inflammation primarily including lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells
Acute inflammatory infiltrate
The predominant cell of acute inflammation is the neutrophil.
Macules (dermatology terms)
Macules are circumscribed alterations in skin color. The skin surface is neither elevated or depressed in relation to the surrounding skin. Macules may be of any size or color. A macule greater than 2 cm in diameter is called a patch
Papule ( dermatology terms)
solid, elevated lesion with no visible fluid which may be up to 1⁄2 cm in diameter.
The elevation may be accounted for by metabolic deposits, infiltrates, or hyperplasia of cellular elements, etc.
Nodules (dermatology terms)
forms of papules, but are larger and deeper. They may be located in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue, or in the epidermis. Nodules are usually 1⁄2 cm. or more in diameter
Plaque
elevated area of skin 2 cm. or more in diameter. It may be formed by a coalescence of papules or nodules. The surface area is greater than its height. It is a plate-like lesion
localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by disintegration or necrosis of tissue
Abscess
Cyst
closed sac that contains liquid or semisolid material. On palpation a cyst is usually resilient.
Erosion (dermatology related)
Loss of epidermis
Ulcer ( dermatology related)
Loss of epidermis and dermis ( and sometimes deeper tissue)
Pruritus
Itching
Crusting
بقشر تقشير
brown-to-black, poorly defined, velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin. It is usually found in body folds, such as the posterior and lateral folds of the neck, the armpits, groin, navel, forehead and other areas.
Acanthosis
Mesenchymal tumors ( sarcoma)
entities originating from mesodermal-derived precursor cells that develop into bone, cartilage, or other connective tissues, such as blood vessels, adipose tissue, smooth muscle, or fibroblasts; in the CNS they most commonly arise from the meninges rather than the CNS parenchyma.
Sarcoma is
malignant tumor, a type of cancer that arises from transformed cells of mesenchymal (connective tissue) origin. Connective tissue is a broad term that includes bone, cartilage, fat, vascular, or hematopoietic tissues, and sarcomas can arise in any of these types of tissues.
Carcinomas are much more common, accounting for 85% to 90% of cancers. Sarcomas, in contrast, represent slightly less than 1% of cancer types
يعني بشكل عام ما تتفاجئ وتقعد تبصم لما الدكتور يقلك انه هذا العضو بصير فيه carcinoma more than sarcoma
Carcinoma
Carcinoma is a malignancy that develops from epithelial cells. Specifically, a carcinoma is a cancer that begins in a tissue that lines the inner or outer surfaces of the body
Liquefactive necrosis
Necrotic tiasue that becomes liquefied; enzymatic lysis of cells & proteins results in liquefaction
Example; ABSCESS
Caseous necrosis
Soft friable necrotic tissue with cheese-like appearance
زي الجبنة لوناً وملمساً (هش)
TB cause caseous granuloma
Stasis:
A stoppage or slowdown in the flow of blood or other body fluid, such as lymph. For example, a stasis ulcer is an ulcer that develops in an area in which the circulation is sluggish and the venous return (the return of venous blood toward the heart) is poor.
