Terminology

Question 1

SQL

Answer 1

Structured Query Language

Question 2

T-SQL

Answer 2

Transact-Structures Query Language

Question 3

Record

Answer 3

A set of fields in a row

Question 4

Field

Answer 4

One or more characters of related information of the same data type

Question 5

Schema

Answer 5

A schema is a collection of database objects including tables, views, triggers, stored procedures, indexes, etc. A schema is associated with a username which is known as the schema owner, who is the owner of the logically related database objects.

Question 6

View

Answer 6

A View is a virtual table whose contents are defined by a query.

Like a table, a view consists of a set of named columns and rows of data. Unless indexed, a view does not exist as a stored set of data values in a database.

The rows and columns of data come from tables referenced in the query defining the view and are produced dynamically when the view is referenced.

Question 7

Collation

Answer 7

Collations in SQL Server provide sorting rules, case, and accent sensitivity properties for your data.

SQL Server includes a large set of collations for handling the language and regional differences that come with supporting users and applications in different parts of the world.

Question 8

How many data types?

Answer 8

30

Question 9

char(n)

Answer 9

Fixed width character string
Max= 8000 characters
defined width

Question 10

varchar(n)

Answer 10

Variable width character string
Max=8000 characters
2 bytes + # of chars

Question 11

varchar(max)

Answer 11

Variable width character string
Max=1,073,741,824 characters
2 bytes + # of chars

Question 12

text

Answer 12

Variable width character string
Max=2GB of text data
4 bytes + # of chars

Question 13

nchar

Answer 13

Fixed width Unicode string
Max=4000 characters
defined width x 2

Question 14

nvarchar

Answer 14

Variable width Unicode string

Max=4000 characters

Question 15

nvarchar(max)

Answer 15

Variable width Unicode string

Max=536,870,912 characters

Question 16

ntext

Answer 16

Variable width Unicode text

Max=2GB text data

Question 17

binary(n)

Answer 17

Fixed width binary string

Max=8000 bytes

Question 18

varbinary

Answer 18

Variable width binary string

Max=8000 bytes

Question 19

varbinary(max)

Answer 19

Variable width binary string

Max=2GB

Question 20

image

Answer 20

Variable width binary string

Max=2GB

Question 21

bit

Answer 21

Integer

0, 1, Null

Question 22

tinyint

Answer 22

Whole number
0 - 255
1 byte

Question 23

smallint

Answer 23

Whole number
-32,768 to 32,767
2 bytes

Question 24

int

Answer 24

Whole number
-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
4 bytes

Question 25

bigint

Answer 25

Whole number
-9,223,372,036,854,775,808 and 9,223,372,036,854,775,807
8 bytes

Question 26

decimal(p,s)

Answer 26

Fixed precision and scale numbers
p = max digits that can be stored (1 to 38) default=18
s = max digits on the right side of decimal (0 to p) default=0
5-17 bytes

Question 27

numeric(p,s)

Answer 27

Fixed precision and scale numbers
p = max digits that can be stored (1 to 38) default=18
s = max digits on the right side of decimal (0 to p) default=0
5-17 bytes

Question 28

money

Answer 28

Monetary data
-214,748.3648 to 214,748.3647
8 bytes

Question 29

float(n)

Answer 29

Floating precision
n = indicates 4 or 8 bytes
4 or 8 bytes

Question 30

real

Answer 30

Floating precision
-3.40E + 38 to 3.40E + 38
4 bytes

Question 31

datetime

Answer 31

January 1, 1753 -> December 31, 9999
accuracy = 3.33 milliseconds
8 bytes

Question 32

datetime2

Answer 32

January 1, 0001 -> December 31, 9999
accuracy = 100 nanoseconds
6-8 bytes

Question 33

smalldatetime

Answer 33

January 1, 1900 -> June 6, 2079
accuracy = 1 minute
4 bytes

Question 34

date

Answer 34

January 1, 0001 -> December 31, 9999

3 bytes

Question 35

time

Answer 35

accuracy 100 nanoseconds

3-5 bytes

Question 36

datetimeoffset

Answer 36

Same of datetime2 but with time zone offset

8-10 bytes

Question 37

timestamp

Answer 37

Stores a unique number that gets updated every time a row gets created or modified. The timestamp value is based upon an internal clock and does not correspond to real time. Each table may have only one timestamp variable

Question 38

sql_variant

Answer 38

Stores 8000 bytes of data

except text, ntext, timestamp

Question 39

uniqueidentifier

Answer 39

Stores globally unique identifier (GUID)

Question 40

xml

Answer 40

Stores formatted data (Extensible Markup Language)

Max = 2GB

Question 41

Truncate Table

Answer 41

Deletes the data inside a table, but not the table itself

TRUNCATE TABLE [table]

Question 42

Add Constraint

Answer 42

Create a constraint AFTER a table is already created
ALTER TABLE [table]
ADD CONSTRAINT [pk_constraint] PRIMARY KEY ([columns])