terminology

Question 1

logos

Answer 1

creating force of the world

Question 2

jesus of nazareth

Answer 2

christ/messiah/son of god/son of man/logos

Question 3

canon

Answer 3

assembled authoritative writings: Paul’s letters/4 Gospels

Question 4

evangelists

Answer 4

authors of the Gospels

Question 5

miracle

Answer 5

comes from the Latin miraculous, which is derived from midair (to wonder). Therefore, miracles cause wonder

Question 6

pelagianism

Answer 6

heresy named after the 5th century British monk, Pelagius who argued that humanity could follow God’s commands through the strength of their own free will/avoid sin

Question 7

convertere

Answer 7

turn upside down/transform

Question 8

chi-ro symbol

Answer 8

symbol for Christ consisting of first two letters of Christ in Greek

Question 9

pax deorum

Answer 9

‘right relationship with the gods,’ its maintenance by priests and officeholders was essential to the Roman community’s continued well-being.

Question 10

council of nicea (325)

Answer 10

first effort to attain consensus in the church under Constantine: determined that Jesus was both divine and human; existence of Holy Trinity existed; early Christian law

Question 11

donatists

Answer 11

a group who condemned ecclesiastical leaders who did not declare their Christian faith during the Diocletian persecutions of the early fourth century.

Question 12

council of arles (314)

Answer 12

attempt to coerce the Donatists to renounce their criticisms of certain bishops

Question 13

edict of milan (313)

Answer 13

Constantine [and Licinius] granted toleration to the Christians and gave their religion equal status with others.

Question 14

nicene creed

Answer 14

formal statement or profession of faith commonly recited during the Eucharist.

Question 15

stigmatization factor

Answer 15

shock factor

Question 16

invisible stigmata

Answer 16

mark of ministry

Question 17

Catherine of Sienna

Answer 17

holy woman, preacher, peace broker and invisible stigmatic

Question 18

crucifixion complex

Answer 18

pious obsession with the passion of Christ:rgued that what was conceived in the mind could be made manifest on the flesh

Question 19

orthodoxy

Answer 19

the belief in correct doctrine

Question 20

reform

Answer 20

improvement of self, ecclesiastical structures, practise/ doctrine

Question 21

monasticism

Answer 21

life of renunciation and prayer; retreat to the desert for contemplation and to find God and the oneself.

Question 22

cistercian reform

Answer 22

a simplicity in prayer and worship of God

Question 23

gregorian reform

Answer 23

institutional reform of priest led by the pope - forbade clerical marriage

Question 24

reform of the papacy

Answer 24

Gregorian reforms dealt with moral integrity and independence of clergy

Question 25

tradition

Answer 25

doctrine/practise handed down over generations that is not in Scripture but believed to have equivalent authority

Question 26

reliquary

Answer 26

a container for relics

Question 27

veneration of saints/relics

Answer 27

view saints and their remains as conduits of God

Question 28

sola scriptura

Answer 28

'by scripture alone/bible is ultimate source for church

Question 29

sola fide

Answer 29

'by faith alone'/Romans 1:16 "[the gospel] is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes."

Question 30

grace

Answer 30

the ultimate cause of reconciliation

Question 31

gallicanism

Answer 31

belief that power of monarchs is independent of the power of popes

Question 32

ecumenical council

Answer 32

assembly of church officials of recognised authority called to address a specific set of issues