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NPTE Terminology > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Anomia

A

cant recall names of everyday objects I

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2
Q

agnosia

A

cant interpret sensation and cant recognize things; EX: not recognize clock by sight but recognize by sound (ticking)

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3
Q

Anosmia

A

loss of sense of smell

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4
Q

Perseveration

A

repeatedly performing same segment of task w/o purpose

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5
Q

Anosognosia

A

deficit in self awareness; unaware of one’s illness

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6
Q

apraxia

A

difficulty with motor planning; cant perform purposeful learned movements despite no sensory or motor deficits

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7
Q

Ideomotor apraxia

A

inability to perform purposeful movements when there is no loss of sensation, strength, coordination, or comprehension. Cant perform on command but can when left on own

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8
Q

Ideational apraxia

A

cant perform task at all

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9
Q

fasciculation

A

muscular twitch caused by random, discharge of LMN and muscle fibers

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10
Q

asterognosia

A

inability to recognize objects by sense of touch without other sensory input

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11
Q

Fluent aphasia

A

Wernicke’s aphasia; receptive aphasia–difficulty understanding speech, long and jumbled words

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12
Q

Nonfluent aphasia

A

Brocas Aphasia; expressive aphasia–speak in short phrases, omit small words, they understand speech; speech is slow

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13
Q

neologicism

A

substitution w/in a word that makes it unrecognizeable

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14
Q

dysrosody

A

impairment in rhythm and inflection of speech

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15
Q

syncope

A

temporary loss of consciousness

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16
Q

allodynia

A

sensation of pain in response to stimulus that not normally produce pain

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17
Q

dystonia

A

involuntary muscle contraction that cause repetitive or twisting movements

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18
Q

asthenia

A

abnormal physical weakness or lack of energy (think myasthenia gravis)

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19
Q

dyssynergia

A

movements performed in sequence of component parts rather than single, smooth activity–result of cerebellar

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20
Q

abulic aphasia

A

unable to make decisions independently

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21
Q

somatagnosia

A

body scheme disorder, lack of awareness of body structure and its relationship to other body parts/to oneself/others

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22
Q

figure ground discrimination

A

pick out object out from array of objects

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23
Q

form constancy

A

pick object from array of similar shaped but different sized objects

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24
Q

spatial relations

A

duplicate pattern of 2-3 blocks

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25
Q

position in space

A

pt demo different limb positions (arm overhead, foot under chair)

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26
Q

topographical disorientation

A

navigate familiar route

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27
Q

depth and distance

A

navigate stairs or sit down in chair

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28
Q

vertical disorientation

A

identify if object is upright (hold cane; pt determine when it is vertical)

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29
Q

edema

A

increased volume of fluid OUTSIDE joint capsule

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30
Q

effusion

A

increased volume INSIDE joint capsule

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31
Q

equine

A

high steps, involves excessive activity of gastroc

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32
Q

tabetic

A

high stepping ataxic gait in which feet slap on ground

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33
Q

equinus gait

A

toe walking

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34
Q

double step

A

alternating steps ae of different length or different rate

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35
Q

spondylosis

A

wear and tear of spinal discs

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36
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

fused vertebrae, bamboo spine

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37
Q

spondylolysis

A

fracture in pars (scottie dog)

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38
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

vertebra slips forward

39
Q

creeping

A

move across floor on hands and knees (6-7 months)

40
Q

crawling

A

dragging body along ground (3-9 months)

41
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

stiffen or hardening of artery walls

42
Q

atherosclerosis

A

buildup of fats, cholesterol in artery walls which restrict blood

43
Q

digoxin

A

I DIG star wars-may the force be with you——->increased force and velocity of contraction, slow HR

44
Q

ischemic

A

restriction in blood supply

45
Q

diaphoresis

A

excessive sweating

46
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

deficiency in platelets causing bleeding

47
Q

polycythemia

A

increased circulating blood (RBC) in blood stream

48
Q

Hematocrit

A

ratio of volume of RBC to volume of blood (% of RBC of whole blood) HIGH levels: dehydration or polycythemia; LOW levels: anemia, blood loss, vit/min deficiency

49
Q

Echymosis

A

black and blue bruising

50
Q

hypoxemia

A

low level of O2 in blood (PaO2<80mmHg)

51
Q

hypoxia

A

low level of O2 in tissue (Normal 80-100 mmHg)

52
Q

pectus excavatum

A

funnel chest-breast bone sinks into chest

53
Q

pectus carinatum

A

pigeon chest-protrusion of ribs and sternum

54
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

55
Q

dyspnea

A

SOB

56
Q

Cheyne stokes

A

decreased rate and depth with periods of apnea

57
Q

Beneficence

A

moral obligation of HCP to act for the benefit of others

58
Q

Fidelity

A

moral duty to keep commitments that have been promised

59
Q

Nonmaleficense

A

above all else do no harm

60
Q

Veracity

A

obligation to tell the truth

61
Q

Negligence

A

failure to do what a reasonable and prudent person would ordinarily have done under same conditions

62
Q

Avulsion

A

wound resulting from tension that causes skin to become detached from underlying structures

63
Q

Decubitus ulcers

A

AKA pressure ulcers

64
Q

contusion

A

bruise

65
Q

sepsis

A

bacteria infect bloodstream

66
Q

polypagia

A

excessive hunger

67
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

68
Q

Klinefetters

A

male hypogonadism; male has extra X chromosome

69
Q

Turner Syndrome

A

female hypogonadism; female has only 1 X chromosome

70
Q

Cholecystitis

A

gallbladder inflammation

71
Q

desicate

A

drying out

72
Q

enteral

A

via mouth

73
Q

ketoacidosis

A

diabetic coma; avoid sugar

74
Q

dysmetria

A

an inability to modulate movement where patients will either overestimate or underestimate their targets

75
Q

perseverate

A

the continued repetition of a word, phrase, or movement. You will need to initiate a new activity or redirect to something else.

76
Q

attention

A

the capacity of the brain to process info from the environment or from long-term memory. can be tested by having pt count from 1 to 25 in increments of 3

77
Q

constructional ability

A

tested by asking pt to copy figures of varying sizes/shapes or draw a know item like a clock

78
Q

abstract ability

A

tested by asking pt to interpret a common proverb or describe similarities/differences between 2 objects

79
Q

orientation

A

tested by asking a pt to identify time, person, and place

80
Q

Raimiste’s phenomenon

A

when the involved LE abducts or adducts with applied resistance to the uninvolved LE in the same direction

81
Q

Souques’ phenomenon

A

when a pt raises the involved UE above 100 degrees with the elbow extended. this action produces extension and abudction of the involved fingers

82
Q

coordination synkinesis

A

the voluntary contraction of certain muscle groups on the involved side that, in turn, gives rise to involuntary contractions of synergistic muscles

83
Q

homolateral synkinesis

A

resistance to flexion of the involved UE will cause flexion in the involved LE

84
Q

augment

A

to make something greater; increase

85
Q

aspiration

A
  • draw in or out using a sucking motion;

- Breathing in a foreign object (sucking food into the airway)

86
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

87
Q

polyphasic potentials

A

electrical potentials from a denervated nerve motor unit

88
Q

kernig’s sign

A

Test for meningeal irritation.
Patient is positioned in supine, flex hip and knee fully to chest,and then extend knee.
Positive sign: causes pain and increased resistance to extending the knee due to spasm of hamstring. If bilateral = meningeal irritation.

89
Q

Brudzinski’s sign

A

Test for meningeal irritation.
Patient in supine, flex neck to chest.
Positive sign: causes flexion of hips and knees (drawing up)

90
Q

hemiballismus

A

sudden, jerky, forceful, and flailing involuntary movements on one side of the body
large-amplitude movements

91
Q

athetosis

A

slow, writhing, and twisting involuntary movements

92
Q

chorea

A

rapid, irregular, and jerky involuntary movements

93
Q

intention tremor

A

involuntary oscillatory movements that occur during voluntary movement

NPTE Terminology (1 decks)

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