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Media Studies 1 > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

What does connotation mean?

A

The meaning underneath the image/implications/your own knowledge and ideas

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2
Q

What does denotation mean?

A

What you can see/what is there/no personal or inferences

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3
Q

The key concepts in media (F.A.I.R.)

A

Form / media language
Audience
Institution
Representation

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4
Q

What does demographic mean?

A

Categorising people based on things they can’t change

eg. colour, eye colour, hair colour, race, age, personality

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5
Q

What does psychographic mean?

A

Things that people have control over

eg. manners, subjects, attitude, clothing, hobbies, possessions

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6
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (bottom to top)

A

Physiological/basic needs: food. water, shelter, pain free, sleep

Safety needs: secure, free from danger, order, protection

Love & belonging: friendship, companionship, family, community

Esteem needs: respected, good opinions, admiration, self worth

Self actualisation, apparitional, luxury goods

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7
Q

What are high brow channels?

A

Highly cultured
Intellectual shows
eg. history, ballet

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8
Q

What are low brow channels?

A

Little interest in intellect or culture

eg. reality tv

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9
Q

What is public service broadcasting?

A

TV programmes that benefit the public rather than commercial purposes
eg. local news coverage, arts programmes, religious broadcasts

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10
Q

What is different about Channel 4?

A

They show more ‘risky’ shows because they aren’t funded by the government

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11
Q

What is the Hypodermic Syringe theory?

A

Developed in the 1920’s & 1930’s
Linear communication theory
Passive audience
No individual difference

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12
Q

What is the Two Step Flow theory?

A

Media –> Opinion Leaders –> Individuals

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13
Q

What is a preferred reading?

A

When audiences respond to the product the way media producers want/expect them to

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14
Q

What is a oppositional reading?

A

When audiences are in complete disagreement with the product’s message or setting

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15
Q

What is a negotiated reading?

A

When a member of the audience partly agrees with the product

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16
Q

Where does the BBFC get its funding?

A

The film industry

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17
Q

What types of texts do the BBFC classify?

A

Films, media products and trailers

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18
Q

What are the problems/issues that the BBFC must deal with when classifying material?

A

They don’t get any information before viewing the product

They watch and rate things that have never been seen before

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19
Q

What is a linear narrative pattern?

A

Progresses forward towards a resolution

Beginning
Middle
End

20
Q

What is a non-linear narrative pattern?

A

Less usual but provides intrigue and create mystery.
May use flashbacks
eg. memento

21
Q

What is a multi-stand narrative?

A

Popular in broadcast TV and film e.g. soaps

Involves more than one narrative running parallel involving different characters and locations

22
Q

What is a documentary narrative?

A

May revolve around a central theme

e.g. trouble-some neighbours or group of people

23
Q

What did Roland Barthes suggest?

A

That stories have certain codes that audiences understand and respond to
(Enigma and Action Codes)

24
Q

What are enigma codes?

A

Control how much we know and help hold our interest. It creates mystery during the narrative.

25
Q

What are action codes?

A

Events or actions in the story that are important in developing the narrative
e.g. the gun being cocked signifies that a violent scene will follow

26
Q

Who suggested equilibrium?

A

Todorov

27
Q

What is equilibrium?

A

An existing state of harmony

e.g. starting state/world in film

28
Q

What is disequilibrium?

A

When equilibrium is disrupted by an unfortunate event or evil character which leads to a chain of events involving conflict

29
Q

What is new equilibrium?

A

The evil forces are defeated, the conflict is resolved and harmony exists once more

30
Q

Who suggested character theory?

A

Propp

31
Q

What are the 7 character theories?

A 
The Villain
The Donor
The Helper
The Princess
The Dispatcher
The Hero
The False Hero
32
Q

What is the villain?

A

Creates a complication in the narrative

33
Q

What is the donor?

A

Gives the hero something that will help in the resolution

34
Q

What is the helper?

A

Helps the hero in restoring the resolution

35
Q

What is the princess?

A

Has to be saved by the hero

36
Q

What is the dispatcher?

A

Sends the hero on a task

37
Q

What is the hero?

A

Central protagonist, saves the day and restores equilibrium

38
Q

What is the false hero?

A

Rare character that appears to be good but is revealed to have been bad all along

39
Q

What is dystopia?

A

World that is in turmoil/chaos

40
Q

What is utopia?

A

Perfect world (Eden)

41
Q

What is an ideology?

A

The values, beliefs and ideas that guide our lives ( the study of ideas )

42
Q

What are personal ideologies?

A

Religion/political beliefs

43
Q

What are dominant ideologies?

A

The ideas that the majority of people follow/believe in within a society

  • Not fixed & can change over time
    e. g. gender roles
44
Q

Who suggested binary opposites?

A

Claude Levi-Strauss

45
Q

What are binary opposites?

A 
Texts are made up of binary opposites which enable audiences to make sense of the world. This can create or reinforce ideologies.
e.g. Men - Women
       Night - Day
       Good - Evil
       Polygamy - Monogamy

Media Studies 1 (2 decks)

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