Terminology

Question 1

Dyskinesia

Answer 1

Impairment in ability to control movements

Question 2

Bradykinesia

Answer 2

Slow movement

Question 3

Akinesia

Answer 3

Inability to initiate movement

Question 4

Rigidity

Answer 4

An increase in resistance to passive movement

Question 5

Chorea

Answer 5

Brief irregular contractions not repetitive or rhythmic but appear to flow from one muscle to another

Question 6

Ballism

Answer 6

Severe chorea, slight movements becoming thrashing motions, odd postures, or leg movements

Question 7

Dysarthria

Answer 7

Any of certain disorders of articulation caused by impairment of the muscles used in speech, such as stammering or stuttering, caused by a nerve defect

Question 8

Allodynia

Answer 8

Condition in which an ordinarily painless stimulus is experienced as being painful

Question 9

Akathisia

Answer 9

Motor restlessness

Question 10

Cataplexy

Answer 10

Muscular weakness resulting in sudden loss of postural tone, often triggered by an emotional stimulus and resulting in falls to the floor

Question 11

Cogwheeling

Answer 11

Ratchet like movement due to superimposition of tremor on rigidity

Question 12

Facial masking

Answer 12

Decreased facial expression due to rigidity of facial muscles

Question 13

Fasciculation

Answer 13

Spontaneous firing of an axon resulting in a visible twitch of all the muscle fibers it contacts

Question 14

Festination

Answer 14

Involuntary tendency to take short accelerating steps in walking that can occur in Parkinson’s disease

Question 15

Freezing

Answer 15

Sudden, brief cessation of movement

Question 16

Korsakoff Syndrome

Answer 16

Chronic phase of thiamine deficiency characterized by impairment in establishing new memories and retrieving previous memories, occurring most commonly in alcoholics

Question 17

Myoclonus

Answer 17

Sudden, shock-like, jerking contraction of a group of muscles

Question 18

Oculogyric crisis

Answer 18

Acute dystonic reaction to neuroleptic drugs manifested by sudden sustained twisting of the head and upward deviation of the eyes

Question 19

On-off phenomenon

Answer 19

sudden, unpredictable changes in motor performance by patients on levodopa therapy

Question 20

Palsy

Answer 20

Paralysis of a muscle group

Question 21

Paraplegia

Answer 21

Paralysis of both legs

Question 22

Penumbra

Answer 22

Area surrounding the dense core of irreversibly damaged cells that has preserved ionic homeostasis and reduced neuronal electrical activity but that is capable of recovery

Question 23

Tardive

Answer 23

Symptoms that develop slowly or appear long after inception

Question 24

Tic

Answer 24

Repetitive, stereotyped, simple or complex movements that can be voluntarily suppressed for short periods of time

Question 25

Torticollis

Answer 25

Form of dystonia in which the neck muscles contract involuntarily, causing the head to turn

Question 26

Wearing off phenomenon

Answer 26

Waning of the effects of a dose of levodopa prior to the scheduled time for the next dose, resulting in decreased motor performance

Question 27

Fluent aphasia

Answer 27

Impairment of language comprehension including impaired repetition due to lesion of the posterior left superior temporal gyrus

Question 28

Athetosis

Answer 28

Twisting and writhing movements

Question 29

Dystonia

Answer 29

Sustained muscle contractions causing twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures