terminology

Question 1

life threatening disorder caused by adrenal hormone insufficiency. death can occur from shock, vascular collapse, or hyperkalemia. infection, trauma, stress, or surgery precipitates crisis.

Answer 1

Addisonian crisis

Question 2

hyposecretion of adrenal cortex hormones from the adrenal gland, resulting in deficiency of corticosteroid hormones

Answer 2

Addison’s disease

Question 3

spasm of the facial muscles caused by tapping the facial nerve above ear. seen in hypocalcemia

Answer 3

Chvostek’s sign

Question 4

metabolic d/o with abnormal increased secretion of cortisol, casued by increased amounts of ACTH

Answer 4

Cushing’s disease

Question 5

metabolic d/o with chronic and excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal cortex or by the administration of glucocorticoids in large doses for several weeks or longer

Answer 5

Cushing’s syndrome

Question 6

a nocturnal release of growth hormone which can cause blood sugar increase before breakfast in diabetic patients

Answer 6

Dawn phenomenon

Question 7

hyposecretion of Antidiuretic hormone, resulting in diuresis

Answer 7

Diabetes Insipidus

Question 8

life threatening complicationof DM that develops when severy insulin deficiency occurs. dangerously high blood sugar levels in which acidosis occurs. mainly type 1

Answer 8

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 9

chronic d/o of glucose intolerance and impaired metabolism caused by insulin deficiency or resistance

Answer 9

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 10

elevated blood sugar level above 250 mg/dL

Answer 10

hyperglycemia

Question 11

extreme hyperglycemia without acidosis. may result in dehydration or vascular collapse. mainly type 2

Answer 11

hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrom (HHNS)

Question 12

condition occurs as a result of excessive thyroid hormone secretion

Answer 12

hyperthyroidism

Question 13

blood sugar level below 70

Answer 13

hypoglycemia

Question 14

removal of the pituitary gland

Answer 14

hypophysectomy

Question 15

condition resulting from hyposecretion of thyroid hormone. occurs in adulthood

Answer 15

hypothyroidism

Question 16

most severe form of hypothyroidism charactized by swelling of hands, feet, face, and around eyes. may lead to coma and death

Answer 16

myxedema

Question 17

coma that results from persistently low thyroid production. precipitated by anesthesia and surgery, hypothermia, acute illness, rapid withdrawl from thyroid meds, use of sedatives and opioids

Answer 17

myxedema coma

Question 18

occurs in clients with DM type 1. normal or elevated bs at bedtime, hypoglycemia around 2-3am, results in hyperglycemia in the morning

Answer 18

Somogyi phenomenon

Question 19

potentially fatal exacerbation of hyperthyroidism that may result from thyroid surgery, severe infection, or stress

Answer 19

Thyroid storm

Question 20

a sign of hypocalcemia. carpal spasm occurs when the brachial artery is compressed by a bp cuff for 3 minutes

Answer 20

Trousseau’s sign