Terminology 2nd TEST Flashcards
tenebrism
Painting in the “shadowy manner” using violet contrasts of dark and light, as in the work of Caravaggio. derived from the word tenebrous
camera obscura
Latin for dark room. An ancestor of the camera in which a tiny pinhole, acting as a lens, projects an image on a screen, the wall of a room, or the ground-glass wall of a box used by artists in the 17th, 18th, and early 19th centuries as an aid in drawing from nature.
veduta
Italian for scenic view
odalisque
A women in a Turkish Harem
the sublime
emotes awe and terror
retablo
Spanish for altar piece
quadro riportato
A ceiling design in which painted scenes are arranged in panels that resemble framed pictures transferred to the surface of a shallow, curved vault.
fete galante
French for amorous festival. A type of Rococo painting depicting the outdoor amusements of French upper class society.
vanitas
Latin for vanity. A term describing paintings (particularly Dutch 17th century still lifes, that include references to death.
indulgence
a religious pardon for a sin committed
genre
a style of category of art, also a painting that realistically depicts scenes from everyday life
still life
a picture depicting inanimate objects.
piazza
Italian for plaza
cartouche
a carved tablet or drawing representing a scroll with rolled-up ends, used ornamentally or bearing an inscription.
memento mori
Latin for reminder of death. In painting a reminder of human mortality, usually represented by a skull.
impasto
A layer of thickly applied pigment
lithograph
Print made by lithography. A print making technique in which the artist uses an oil based crayon to draw directly
on stone plate and then wipes water on the stone. When ink is rolled on the stone plate, it adheres only to the drawing.
salon
A salon is a gathering of people under the roof of an inspiring host, held partly to amuse one …. The enlightenment salon brought together Parisian society, the progressive philosophes who were producing .. vs. Salon art, or academic art, refers to the official style that the juries for the official Salon deemed acceptable. During the 19th century, the prevailing taste favored the finished surface inspired by Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825), a Neoclassical painter.
Romanticism
A western cultural phenomenon, beginning around 1750 and ending about 1850, that gave precedence to feeling and imagination over reason and thought. Art movement 1800 - 1840
Orientalism
The fascination on the part of westerners with Oriental cultures, especially characteristic of the Romanticism movement in 19th century painting
Daguerreotype
photograph made by and early method on. a plate of chemically treated metal, developed by Louis J. M. Daguerre
Calotype
from the greek kilos, beautiful. A photographic process in which a positive image is made by shining light through a negative image onto a sheet of sensitized paper.
Hudson River School
Thomas Cole..american landscape. untouched.
positivism
A western philosophical model that promoted sciences the mind’s highest achievement.
realism
A movement that emerged in mid 19th century France. Realist artists represented the subject matter of everyday life (especially subjects that previously had been considered inappropriate for depiction) in a relatively naturalistic mode.
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
a 19th century art movement whose members wished to create art free from what they considered artificial manner propagated in the academies by the successors of Raphael. fictional, historical, fanciful. vs. realism. examples Millais, John Everett. and Dante Gabriel Rossetti
Neo-Baroque
the revival of baroque style in later, especially 19th century.
Beaux Arts
An architectural style in the late 19th century and early 20th in France. Based on ideas taught at the Ecole des Beaux Arts In Paris, incorporated classical principles, such as symmetry in design
Prefabricated architecture
Construction using structural elements manufactured in advance and transported to the building site ready for assembly. Example Joseph Paxton’s crystal palace London 1850..later moved and enlarged at Sydenham, England
zoopraxiscope
A device invented by Eadweard Muybridge in the 19th century to project sequences of still photographic images, a predecessor of the motion picture projector.
