Terminology Flashcards
Define “symbiosis”
At least 2 species. Can be temporary or permanent
Define “symbionts”
Participants in symbiosis. Host & parasite
What are the types of symbiosis?
Predator/prey
Phoresis
Mutualism
Commensulism
Parasitism
Define “predator/prey”
Very short term symbiosis
Define phoresis
Larger carries smaller
Define mutualism
Both symbionts benefit
Define commensulism
One symbiont benefits and the other has no effect
Define parasitism
Metabolic dependence. Host may or may not be harmed
Define “host”
What or where a parasite lives on
Define “parasite”
What lives on or in a host
What are the two types of parasitism
Parasitosis & parasitiasis
Define “parasitosis”
Obvious harm is being done to the host
Ex) distended abdomen, scabs, lesions
Define “parasitiasis”
No obvious signs of harm, still may be potentially harmful
What is the Linnean Classification?
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
What is an endoparasite and what types are there?
Infection within the host
Nematode, Cestode, Trematode, Protozoans
What is an ectoparasite and what are the types
Infestation on the host
Arthropods, hirudineans, arachnids
What are the four classifications of hosts?
Definitive: parasite is mature and reproducing
Intermediate: larval/immature stage. Non reproducing. Can have >1
Paratenic: transporter (Uber) no parasites development
Reservoir: vertebrate. Source of parasite & transmission
What are the types of parasite Classification?
Abberant, incidental, facultative, obligatory, periodic, monoxenous, stenxenous, euryxenous
Define “abberant parasite”
Parasite found in an unusual location
Define “incidental parasite”
Parasite on an unusual host or on the wrong animal
Define “facultative parasite”
Free living in an environment before becoming a parasite
Ex) ticks
Define “obligatory parasite”
Cannot be free living in an environment
Define “periodic parasite”
Parasitic for only short visits
Ex) mosquitos
Define “monoxenous parasite”
Only one type of host
Define “stenoxenous parasite”
Narrow range of hosts
Define “euryxenous parasite”
Broad range of hosts
What are the types of lifecycle a parasite can have?
Direct or indirect
What is a direct life cycle
“simple”
No intermediate host
What is an indirect life cycle
“complex” 2 or more hosts
What are the ways a parasite can be transmitted?
Ingestion
Penetration (assisted vs unassisted)
Direct contact
Transplacental
transmamamry
Define “prepatent period”
How long it takes from infection to reproducing adult
Define “patent period”
When parasite is mature and reproducing
Define “incubation period”
Time from exposure to clinical signs
