Terminology Flashcards
Reconciliation
Reconciliation is the process of making friendly relations after previous issues
Example:
A formal apology
Compensation
Efforts to educate those not knowing of the situation
94 reasons
The truth and reconciliation commission of Canada made recommendations in 2015 to address the lasting impacts from residential schools.
Example: Was done to create reconciliation between the indigenous and non-indigenous peoples in Canada
Toronto Purchase
Land agreement between the Canadian government and the Mississaugas of the Credit First Nations
Example: The British claimed to have bought many acres of land from the Mississaugas of the credit first nation, now that land is Toronto.
Oppressor
a person or group that has power or targets people.
Example: The Canadian government oppressed the indigenous peoples with the Indian act. Forced indigenous peoples onto reserves, residential schools, banned from practices.
Settler
Person who migrates to an area and establishes permanent residence replacing indigenous people.
Example: European comers who took over indigenous land and colonized.
Agent
Indian agents were government officials who were appointed to enforce policies on indigenous peoples.
Example: Indian agents had the power to put indigenous peoples onto reserves, remove children from families and put them into residential schools.
Decolonization
The process of undoing colonialism and restoring and acknowledging indigenous rights and ways of life.
Example: Laws being set in to protect indigenous peoples
Assimilation
Forcing indigenous peoples to turn from their cultures and adopt the “Canadian” lifestyle.
Example: Residential schools where children had to abandon their language and culture.
Privilege
Advantages and benefits groups have in society due to their identity.
Example: Settlers in Canada had the privilege not attending residential schools while indigenous peoples had too.
Self determination
The right for someone to govern themselves and have the freedom to make their own decisions.
Example: Indigenous people are able to make decisions about where they want to live, and what they want to practice.
Social Justice
The fight for equality, and human rights for all people.
Example: The 94 reasons act showed justice for indigenous people since it pushed towards better education, justice reforms, and indigenous leadership.
Ally
Someone who supports and acknowledges a side.
Example: Protests done to show that people acknowledge indigenous peoples injustices.
Immigrants
Someone who comes to a country to live there
Example: European Immigrants coming to Canada after ww2
Indian Act (timeline, etc)
(1876-1955)
Influences all aspects of Indigenous life from birth to death. The Indian Act is a part of a long history of assimilation policies that intended to terminate the cultural, social, economic, and political distinctiveness of Aboriginal peoples by absorbing them into mainstream Canadian life and values.
Example:
-Created “Status” Indians, a status you could lose by: Voting… if you voted you gave up Indian status,
Marrying a non-status Indian,
Going to university
- Created Indian Bands and Indian Agents. Created to “protect” Indigenous
- Education in Residential schools.
By 1895, amended to outlaw all dances, ceremonies and festivals that involve wounding animals, giving away money or goods.
- By 1911, amended to allow municipalities to take portions of reserves away from bands.
Colonization
the action or process of settling among and establishing control over the indigenous people of an area.
Example: The government creating reserves and restricting indigenous people onto them.
Reservation
A piece of land reserved for indigenous people by the government. Were created through treaties and policies
Dream Catcher
Was a way of finding peace and healing. If somebody was in pain, they would have to go on a journey of healing.
symbolises starting new
The Dream Catcher was very important for Native culture as it played a role in helping one’s mental or physical pains.
Smudging
An indigenous ceremony that involves burning sage or tobacco to cleanse an area from negative energy.
Powwow
An indigenous gathering were dancing, singing, storytelling and cultural practices come together.
Time immemorial
A time from very long ago that cannot be remembered. Indigenous peoples use it to describe ancestral connections to their lands and traditions.
Social Dominance
System where certain groups hold more power over others.
Example: Government forcing indigenous children into residential schools to assimilate them into the “Canadian” lifestyle.
Sovereignty
Independent control or authority over a particular area or territory.
Wampum Belt
Symbolic belt made from wampum beads. These belts hold records for treaties, events, and teachings.
Two-spirit
Describes gender identity outside male and female. Spiritual and cultural identity.
