Terminology

Question 1

Aneurysm

Answer 1

Disruption of arterial walls resulting in local dilation of artery

Question 2

Thrombosis

Answer 2

Obliteration of vessel by coagulum of blood (generally leads to tissue ischema)

Question 3

Embolism

Answer 3

Obliteration of vessel by clot or foreign body elsewhere in system

Question 4

Brain infraction

Answer 4

Necrosis of nervous system tissue (resulting from ischemia)

Question 5

Hematoma

Answer 5

Collection of blood in tissue itself or in meningeal spaces (may cause compression of nervous tissue)

Question 6

Inter-cranial hypertension

Answer 6

Increase in inter-cranial pressure

Question 7

Hydrocephalus

Answer 7

Abnormally large amount of CSF within cranial cavity

Question 8

Focal epilepsy

Answer 8

Localised discharges of cells in cerebral cortex

Question 9

Epilepsy

Answer 9

Behavioural alterations resulting from spontaneous and excessive discharge of large groups of neurons

Question 10

Gnosis (to know)

Answer 10

Ability to recognize meaning of objects via sensory systems (agnostic is defect of this ability)

Question 11

Autotopagnosis

Answer 11

Loss of body image as pertaining to oneself

Question 12

Astereognosis

Answer 12

Loss of form perception

Question 13

Praxis (to do)

Answer 13

Ability to organize purpose motor patterns (apraxis is defect of this ability)

Question 14

Phases (to speak)

Answer 14

Ability to use symbolic language

Question 15

Amusia

Answer 15

Loss of musical symbolism

Question 16

Agraphia (motor aphasia)

Answer 16

Impairment of language expression (verbal or written)

Question 17

Alexia (sensory aphasia)

Answer 17

Impairment of language comprehension (verbal or written)

Question 18

Global aphasia

Answer 18

Impairment of comprehension, expression and syntax of language

Question 19

Acalculia

Answer 19

Loss of numerical or mathematical symbolism

Question 20

Ataxia

Answer 20

Motor incoordination in range and rate of movements (resulting from cerebellar lesions)

Question 21

Nystagmus

Answer 21

Abnormal rhythmic oscillation of the eyeballs (fast and slow components)

Question 22

Choreic and athetosic movements

Answer 22

Involuntary, spontaneous movements produced by lesions of the basal ganglia

Question 23

Plegia

Answer 23

Stroke

Question 24

Paresis

Answer 24

Relaxation

Question 25

Anosmia

Answer 25

Loss of olfactory discrimination

Question 26

Ageusia

Answer 26

Loss of taste discrimination

Question 27

Hemianopia

Answer 27

Loss of visual discrimination (referred to half of visual field)

Question 28

Somesthesis

Answer 28

Related to sensory info from body structures (other than olfactory, auditory, vestibular, taste buds, and retina) Four conscious components: touch, position of body, temp, and pain