terminology

Question 1

achievement test

Answer 1

gauge a person’s mastery and knowledge of various participants

Question 2

aptitude test

Answer 2

assess specific types of mental abilities.

Question 3

contrust validity

Answer 3

the extent to which there is evidence that a test measures a particular hypothetical construct.

Question 4

content validity

Answer 4

refers to the degree to which the content of a test is representative of the domain it’s supposed to cover.

Question 5

convergent thinking

Answer 5

one tries to narrow down a list of alternatives to converge on a single correct answer.

Question 6

criterion-related validity

Answer 6

is estimated by correlating participants’ scores on a test with their scores on an independent criterion (another measure) of the trait assessed by the test.

Question 7

crystallized intelligence

Answer 7

involves reasoning ability, memory capacity, and speed of information processing. Crystallized intelligence involves ability to apply acquired knowledge and skills in problem solving.

Question 8

deviation IQ scores

Answer 8

that locate participants precisely within the normal distribution, using the standard deviation as the unit of measurement.

Question 9

divergent thinking

Answer 9

one tries to expand the range of alternatives by generating many possible solutions.

Question 10

emotional intelligence

Answer 10

consists of the ability to perceive and express emotion, assimilate emotion in thought, understand and reason with emotion, and regulate emotion.

Question 11

factor analysis

Answer 11

correlations among many variables are analyzed to identify closely related clusters of variables.

Question 12

fluid intelligence

Answer 12

involves reasoning ability, memory capacity, and speed of information processing. Crystallized intelligence involves ability to apply acquired knowledge and skills in problem solving.

Question 13

heritability ratio

Answer 13

is an estimate of the proportion of trait variability in a population that is determined by variations in genetic inheritance.

Question 14

intellectual disability

Answer 14

refers to general mental ability accompanied by deficiencies in adaptive skills, originating before age 18.

Question 15

inteligence quotient

Answer 15

is a child’s mental age divided by chronological age, multiplied by 100.

Question 16

inteligence test

Answer 16

measure general mental ability.

Question 17

mental age

Answer 17

indicated that they displayed the mental ability typical of a child of that chronological (actual) age.

Question 18

normal distribution

Answer 18

is a symmetric, bell-shaped curve that represents the pattern in which many characteristics are dispersed in the population.

Question 19

percentile scores

Answer 19

indicates the percentage of people who score at or below the score one has obtained.

Question 20

personality test

Answer 20

measure various aspects of personality, including motives, interests, values, and attitudes.

Question 21

psychological test

Answer 21

is a standardized measure of a sample of a person’s behaviour.

Question 22

reaction range

Answer 22

refer to these genetically determined limits on IQ (or other traits).

Question 23

reliability

Answer 23

refers to the measurement consistency of a test (or of other kinds of measurement techniques).

Question 24

standardization

Answer 24

refers to the uniform procedures used in the administration and scoring of a test.

Question 25

test norms

Answer 25

provide information about where a score on a psychological test ranks in relation to other scores on that test.