Terminology Flashcards
The mechanism of disease development
I.e. the sequence of events occurring following exposure to the inciting agent/event
Pathogenesis
Based on the predominant lesions - the structural changes that are seen in cells or tissues in association with the disease process e.g. severe bronchopneumonia
Morphologic diagnosis
Specifically identifies the aetiology e.g. rhodococcus equi pneumonia
Aetiologic diagnosis
Incomplete or underdevelopment of tissue or organ
Hypoplasia
Organ does not develop at all, only rudimentary tissue is present
Aplasia
Failure of any development due to lack of embryonic primordial tissue
Agenesis
Increase in size of cell resulting in an increase in size of the organ. No new cells
Hypertrophy
Increase in number of cells
Hyperplasia
One adult cell type is replaced by another adult cell type
Metaplasia
Alteration in size, shape, or organisation of a tissue
Dysplasia
Cellular swelling often resulting from hypoxia, considered reversible cell injury
Hydropic degeneration
Basic cell outlines are preserved due to delayed proteolysis (ACUTE)
Ex: renal infarct
Coagulative necrosis
Friable ‘cheese’-like appearance and may develop dystrophic calcification (CHRONIC)
Ex: tuberculosis (dried up pus can also have this appearance)
Caseous necrosis
Cavity/cavities filled with liquified debris
Ex: abscesses (caused by pyogenic bacteria), also typically occurs with the CNS due to lack of fibrous tissue framework to support dead cells
Liquefactive necrosis
Special necrosis of fat
Ex: pancreatic fat necrosis, traumatic necrosis
Fat necrosis
