Terminology

Question 1

Arterial blood pressure

Answer 1

the pressure measured within large arteries in the systemic circulation.

Question 2

aneurysm

Answer 2

a bulge in a blood vessel caused by a weakness in the blood vessel wall, usually where it branches

Question 3

arteries

Answer 3

blood vessels that distribute oxygen-rich blood to your entire body.

Question 4

capillaries

Answer 4

they transport blood, nutrients and oxygen to cells in your organs and body systems. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in your vascular system.

Question 5

veins

Answer 5

blood vessels located throughout your body that collect oxygen-poor blood and return it to your heart.

Question 6

Aortic aneurysm

Answer 6

a balloon-like bulge in the aorta

Question 7

Arterioles

Answer 7

small blood vessels that carry blood away from your heart

Question 8

Precapillary sphincters

Answer 8

segments of smooth muscle that help direct bloodflow into capillaries.

Question 9

Vasodilation

Answer 9

the widening of blood vessels as a result of the relaxation of the blood vessel’s muscular walls.

Question 10

Vasoconstriction

Answer 10

the narrowing (constriction) of blood vessels by small muscles in their walls.

Question 11

Interstitial fluid

Answer 11

Fluid found in the spaces around cells.

Question 12

venule

Answer 12

a small blood vessel in the microcirculation that allows deoxygenated blood to return from capillary beds to larger blood vessels called veins

Question 13

Lumen

Answer 13

A blood vessel

Question 14

Pericardium

Answer 14

a protective, fluid-filled sac that surrounds your heart and helps it function properly

Question 15

Epicardium

Answer 15

the outermost layer of the heart itself.

Question 16

Myocardium

Answer 16

the muscles of the heart

Question 17

Endocardium

Answer 17

the innermost layer of the heart

Question 18

atrioventricular

Answer 18

is a heart defect in which there are holes between the chambers of the right and left sides of the heart

Question 19

Tricuspid valve

Answer 19

The tricuspid valve sits between the heart’s two right chambers. The tricuspid valve consists of three thin flaps of tissue (called cusps, or leaflets). These valve flaps open to let blood flow from the upper right chamber (right atrium) to the lower right chamber (right ventricle).

Question 20

bicuspid valve

Answer 20

an aortic valve that contains only only two cusps (or flaps) instead of three.

Question 21

pulmonary circuit

Answer 21

the system of transportation that shunts de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs to be re-saturated with oxygen before being dispersed into the systemic circulation

Question 22

systemic circuit

Answer 22

carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle, through the arteries, to the capillaries in the tissues of the body.

Question 23

coronary arteries

Answer 23

major blood vessels in your body, supplying blood to your heart.

Question 24

coronary veins

Answer 24

responsible for draining deoxygenated blood from the myocardium into the cardiac chambers.

Question 25

cardiac cycle

Answer 25

a repeating process by which the heart pumps blood into circulation

Question 26

atrial systole

Answer 26

the last phase of a diastole during which the ventricular filling is completed.

Question 27

ventricular systole

Answer 27

the two ventricles develop pressure and eject blood into the pulmonary artery and aorta

Question 28

diastole

Answer 28

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood.

Question 29

sinoatrial node

Answer 29

generates an electrical signal that causes the upper heart chambers (atria) to contract

Question 30

atrioventricular node

Answer 30

a complex structure that performs a variety of functions in the heart

Question 31

electrocardiogram

Answer 31

records the electrical signal from the heart to check for different heart conditions.

Question 32

systolic pressure

Answer 32

measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats

Question 33

diastolic pressure

Answer 33

measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart rests between beats.

Question 34

sphygmomanometer

Answer 34

a device used to measure blood pressure

Question 35

hypertension

Answer 35

blood pressure that is higher than normal

Question 36

hypotension

Answer 36

Low Blood Pressure a reading of less than 90/60mmHg.

Question 37

Barorecptors

Answer 37

type of mechanoreceptors allowing for relaying information derived from blood pressure within the autonomic nervous system

Question 38

angina

Answer 38

A squeezing pressure, tightness or heavy sensation in the chest.

Question 39

myocardial infarction

Answer 39

happens when one or more areas of the heart muscle don't get enough oxygen

Question 40

anabolism

Answer 40

the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms from simpler ones together with the storage of energy; constructive metabolism.