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BIOMD Heart and Blood Vessels > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Arterial blood pressure

A

the pressure measured within large arteries in the systemic circulation.

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2
Q

aneurysm

A

a bulge in a blood vessel caused by a weakness in the blood vessel wall, usually where it branches

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3
Q

arteries

A

blood vessels that distribute oxygen-rich blood to your entire body.

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4
Q

capillaries

A

they transport blood, nutrients and oxygen to cells in your organs and body systems. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in your vascular system.

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5
Q

veins

A

blood vessels located throughout your body that collect oxygen-poor blood and return it to your heart.

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6
Q

Aortic aneurysm

A

a balloon-like bulge in the aorta

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7
Q

Arterioles

A

small blood vessels that carry blood away from your heart

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8
Q

Precapillary sphincters

A

segments of smooth muscle that help direct bloodflow into capillaries.

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9
Q

Vasodilation

A

the widening of blood vessels as a result of the relaxation of the blood vessel’s muscular walls.

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10
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

the narrowing (constriction) of blood vessels by small muscles in their walls.

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11
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

Fluid found in the spaces around cells.

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12
Q

venule

A

a small blood vessel in the microcirculation that allows deoxygenated blood to return from capillary beds to larger blood vessels called veins

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13
Q

Lumen

A

A blood vessel

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14
Q

Pericardium

A

a protective, fluid-filled sac that surrounds your heart and helps it function properly

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15
Q

Epicardium

A

the outermost layer of the heart itself.

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16
Q

Myocardium

A

the muscles of the heart

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17
Q

Endocardium

A

the innermost layer of the heart

18
Q

atrioventricular

A

is a heart defect in which there are holes between the chambers of the right and left sides of the heart

19
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

The tricuspid valve sits between the heart’s two right chambers. The tricuspid valve consists of three thin flaps of tissue (called cusps, or leaflets). These valve flaps open to let blood flow from the upper right chamber (right atrium) to the lower right chamber (right ventricle).

20
Q

bicuspid valve

A

an aortic valve that contains only only two cusps (or flaps) instead of three.

21
Q

pulmonary circuit

A

the system of transportation that shunts de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs to be re-saturated with oxygen before being dispersed into the systemic circulation

22
Q

systemic circuit

A

carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle, through the arteries, to the capillaries in the tissues of the body.

23
Q

coronary arteries

A

major blood vessels in your body, supplying blood to your heart.

24
Q

coronary veins

A

responsible for draining deoxygenated blood from the myocardium into the cardiac chambers.

25
Q

cardiac cycle

A

a repeating process by which the heart pumps blood into circulation

26
Q

atrial systole

A

the last phase of a diastole during which the ventricular filling is completed.

27
Q

ventricular systole

A

the two ventricles develop pressure and eject blood into the pulmonary artery and aorta

28
Q

diastole

A

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood.

29
Q

sinoatrial node

A

generates an electrical signal that causes the upper heart chambers (atria) to contract

30
Q

atrioventricular node

A

a complex structure that performs a variety of functions in the heart

31
Q

electrocardiogram

A

records the electrical signal from the heart to check for different heart conditions.

32
Q

systolic pressure

A

measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats

33
Q

diastolic pressure

A

measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart rests between beats.

34
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

a device used to measure blood pressure

35
Q

hypertension

A

blood pressure that is higher than normal

36
Q

hypotension

A

Low Blood Pressure a reading of less than 90/60mmHg.

37
Q

Barorecptors

A

type of mechanoreceptors allowing for relaying information derived from blood pressure within the autonomic nervous system

38
Q

angina

A

A squeezing pressure, tightness or heavy sensation in the chest.

39
Q

myocardial infarction

A

happens when one or more areas of the heart muscle don’t get enough oxygen

40
Q

anabolism

A

the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms from simpler ones together with the storage of energy; constructive metabolism.

BIOMD Heart and Blood Vessels (1 decks)

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