Terminology

Question 1

Rostra/cranial

Answer 1

Toward the head

Question 2

Caudal

Answer 2

Toward the back/tail

Question 3

Bilateral

Answer 3

Involving both sides of the body

Question 4

Unilateral

Answer 4

Involving one side of the body

Question 5

Ipsilateral

Answer 5

Involving the same sides of the body

Question 6

Contralateral

Answer 6

Involving opposite sides of the body

Question 7

Parietal

Answer 7

Relating to a body cavity or wall

Question 8

Visceral

Answer 8

Relating to organs within body cavities

Question 9

Axial

Answer 9

Around a central axis

Question 10

Intermediate

Answer 10

Between two structures

Question 11

Right

Answer 11

The patient’s right (not yours)

Question 12

Left

Answer 12

The patient’s left (not yours)

Question 13

Prone

Answer 13

Lying on your stomach

Question 14

Supine/recumbent

Answer 14

Lying on the back

Question 15

Trunk

Answer 15

The body minus 4 limbs

Question 16

Median

Answer 16

The midline of the body or structure

Question 17

Superficial

Answer 17

Nearer to the surface of the body or structure

Question 18

Deep

Answer 18

Further away from the surface of the body or structure

Question 19

What are the body planes?

Answer 19

median plane - divides the body into equal left and right sections
sagittal plane - divides the body into left and right section
coronal plane - divides the body into the front (anterior) and back (posterior) sections
transverse plane - divides the body into the upper (superior) and lower (anterior) sections

Question 20

Flexion

Answer 20

decreases the angle between two body parts

Question 21

Extension

Answer 21

increases the angle between two body parts

Question 22

Abduction

Answer 22

movement away from the midline

Question 23

Adduction

Answer 23

movement towards the midline

Question 24

Medial rotation

Answer 24

rotational movement towards the midline

Question 25

Lateral rotation

Answer 25

rotational movement away from the midline

Question 25

Elevation

Answer 25

movement in a superior direction (eg, shoulder shrug)

Question 26

Depression

Answer 26

movement in an inferior direction

Question 27

Protraction

Answer 27

forward movement of the shoulder (reaching out for something)

Question 28

Retraction

Answer 28

backwards movement of the shoulder (picking something up)

Question 29

Opposition

Answer 29

movement of the thumb and little finger towards each other

Question 30

Repostion

Answer 30

return to anatomical position

Question 31

Dorsiflexion

Answer 31

extension of the ankle so that the foot points more superiorly

Question 32

Plantarflexion

Answer 32

flexion of the ankle so that the foot points more inferiorly

Question 33

Inversion

Answer 33

movement of the sole towards the median plane so that the sole faces in a medial direction

Question 34

Eversion

Answer 34

movement of the sole away from the median plane so that the sole faces in a lateral direction

Question 35

Circumduction

Answer 35

combination of flexion, extension, adduction and abduction